摆动工艺对钛合金窄间隙激光填丝焊缝成形及气孔率的影响  

Effects of Oscillation Parameters on Weld Formation and Porosity of Titanium Alloy Narrow-Gap Laser Wire Filling Welding

作　　者：徐楷昕 雷振 黄瑞生 方乃文 曹浩 Xu Kaixin;Lei Zhen;Huang Ruisheng;Fang Naiwen;Cao Hao(Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150028,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [2]哈尔滨理工大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第6期137-145,共9页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2019ZX04004001)。

摘　　要：本文探索了光束摆动对TC4钛合金窄间隙激光填丝焊缝成形和气孔率的影响。研究结果表明,无摆动时,焊缝表面起伏不连续,横截面窄而深,增加光束摆动之后,表面成形连续均匀,横截面相对变得宽而浅。当采用垂直或圆形摆动方式,摆动幅度为1.5~2 mm,摆动频率在20~100 Hz之间时,获得了焊缝表面和横截面成形良好的焊接接头。当采用圆形摆动,摆幅为2 mm,摆动频率在100~200 Hz之间时,获得的焊缝无明显气孔。采用该工艺进行了20 mm厚TC4钛合金窄间隙激光填丝焊接,焊接接头呈银白色,焊缝均匀连续,接头拉伸性能测试表明,其最大抗拉强度达930 MPa,接头强度与母材等强,断裂方式为韧性断裂,拉伸试样断裂在母材。Objective Titanium and its alloys are indispensable and satisfactory owing to its superior physical and chemical properties:high specific strength and modulus,excellent thermal strength,and corrosion resistance.Against the background of the industrial rapid development,the aerospace manufacturing industry has put forward requirements for light-weight and large-scale aircraft,which intensely increased the use of titanium alloys.There are considerable studies based on laser welding of titanium alloy sheets,and significant effort has been made.However,a few studies have been conducted on the joining of thick titanium alloy plates,leaving many technical problems unsolved.For the welding of a thick titanium alloy plate,the arc welding process is a low-cost method,with poor weld beam formation,high residual stress,and wide heat-affected zone.Electron beam welding(EBW)is one of the high energy density welding processes.The challenges of EBW is obvious,and its application is severely limited by the vacuum condition.Several studies stated that narrow-gap laser filling welding is an optimal choice for the joining of thick plates,compared with other welding processes.In this paper,we investigate and analyze the effects of laser beam swing parameters on the formation and porosity of TC4(Ti-6 Al-4 V)titanium alloy narrow-gap laser filling welding.We obtain that it could eliminate the lack of fusion and reduce porosity with matched laser beam oscillation mode,amplifier,and frequency.It could provide basic data and theoretical supports for thick titanium alloy welding.Methods Titanium alloy plate(TC4(Ti-6 Al-4 V))and wire(TC3(Ti-5 Al-4 V))are used in this study.First,2 mmwide-gap TC4(Ti-6 Al-4 V)is filled with TC3 wire by laser swing welding,which takes different oscillation modes:amplitude and frequency.A well-formed surface and cross-section with low porosity are selected as suitable oscillation parameters.Next,20 mm-thick TC4(Ti-6 Al-4 V)is welded by selected parameters.Apart from surface formation and cross-section,the weld

关 键 词：激光技术 光束摆动 钛合金 焊缝成形 气孔率 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]