纤维增强聚合物基复合材料熔融堆积成型技术的研究进展及产品的力学性能  

3D printed fibre-reinforced polymer composites-Review of the fused deposition modeling process and mechanical performance of products

作　　者：胡艺伟 李亚智[1] 李彪[1] 申思雨 HU Yiwei;LI Yazhi;LI Biao;SHEN Siyu(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2021年第4期979-996,共18页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：增材制造(Additive manufacturing,AM)技术,又称3D打印技术,是一种新兴的顺序叠层制造工艺。近几年来,大量关于引入连续碳纤维增强相以改善打印结构力学性能的研究为打印高性能聚合物基复合材料开辟了新的途径。本文首先简要介绍聚合物材料增材制造工艺发展史,阐述技术革新和材料革新(引入增强相)对打印聚合物基材料产品性能优化的积极作用。随后着重描述了熔融堆积成型(Fused deposition modelling,FDM)技术制造连续纤维增强聚合物复合材料的工艺原理,并介绍了打印连续纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的力学性能优势及存在的问题。最后,从材料、工艺参数及复合材料细观/微观结构等方面分析了影响打印纤维增强聚合物基复合材料力学性能的主要因素,为读者了解分析FDM技术的优势和存在的问题提供参考。Applying additive manufacturing(AM),also termed as three-dimensional printing(3 D printing),is an emerging technology for creating objects by sequential layering.Recently,the exponential research on improving mechanical performance of 3 D printed productions by introducing continuous fibre-reinforcement has contributed to develop high-performance polymeric composites.In the present review,by introducing brief history of AM technique for polymerics,the positive influence on improving performance of printed productions resulted from technology-and material-revolution were described.Following that,the review focused on the mechanism of the fused deposition modelling(FDM)method for fabricating continuous fibre reinforced composites,as well as the advantages and problems of the mechanical performance for productions.Additionally,the probable contributing factors were reviewed herein from the aspects of materials,process parameters and meso/microstructures of the printed composites.The review might be helpful to the readers who are concerning with the issues of the FDM technique.

关 键 词：增材制造 熔融堆积成型 纤维增强 聚合物基复合材料 微观结构 力学性能 

分 类 号：V214.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V258[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]