阿秒光学进展及发展趋势  

Progresses and Trends in Attosecond Optics

作　　者：魏志义[1,2,3] 钟诗阳 贺新奎 赵昆[1,2] 滕浩 王帅 梁玥瑛[1,3] 王佶 喻苏玉 陈云琳 朱江峰 Wei Zhiyi;Zhong Shiyang;He Xinkui;Zhao Kun;Teng Hao;Wang Shuai;Liang Yueying;Wang Ji;Yu Suyu;Chen Yunlin;Zhu Jiangfeng(Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Songshan Lake Material Laboratory,Dongguan Guangdong 523808,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Applied Micro-Nano Materials,School of Science,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Xidian University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所北京凝聚态物理国家研究中心,北京100190 [2]松山湖材料实验室,广东东莞523808 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]北京交通大学理学院微纳材料及应用研究所,北京100044 [5]西安电子科技大学物理与光电工程学院,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第5期3-18,共16页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0405202、2018YFB110720);国家自然科学基金(61690221,91850209,11774277);中国科学院仪器研制项目(YZ201658);前沿科学重点研究计划(QYZDJ-SSW-JSC006)。

摘　　要：自从2001年人们首次实现单个独立的阿秒(1 as=10^(-18)s)脉冲以来,阿秒脉冲作为超快光学最前沿的内容,在近20年的时间内得到了长足的发展,为人们在电子运动的自然时间尺度中观测量子世界的基本动力学过程提供了崭新的研究手段,并开启了阿秒科学这一全新的研究领域,覆盖了原子、分子、凝聚态物理、化学、生物等诸多学科的不同研究需求。随着飞秒激光驱动器技术的不断发展,目前阿秒脉冲不仅脉冲宽度突破了50 as,而且也进一步朝着更高单脉冲能量(高通量)、更短波长(高光子能量)、更高重复频率的方向发展。本文将结合高次谐波相位匹配及高能量飞秒超强激光、双色及多色相干合成飞秒激光、中红外飞秒激光、高重复频率飞秒激光等驱动技术,综述介绍阿秒脉冲在上述各方面的新进展,并展望了未来进一步的发展趋势。Significance Attosecond(1 as=10^(-18)s)light pulses provide new approach to the basic mechanics in the quantum world in its natural time scale.A novel research area called attosecond science was opened up since the first observation of attosecond pulses in 2001.Owing to the advances of ultrafast laser techniques and the in-depth understanding of the attosecond pulse generation mechanism,a world record of 43 as light pulse has been demonstrated in 2017,which is shortest pulse ever obtained by human beings.Nowadays table-top attosecond sources based on high harmonic generation(HHG)have been routinely achieved by many groups worldwide.It is widely applied in the measurements of various ultrafast phenomena like photoionization time delay in atoms,molecules,and solids,electron correlation effects such as Fano resonance,Auger decay,and inner shell ionization,charge migration and dissociation in molecules,and manipulation of dielectrics.Attosecond pulses has achieved impressive progress in different fields such as atomic and molecular physics,condensed matter physics,chemistry,and biology in the past two decades.Progress The limited photon flux of the attosecond pulses due to low conversion efficiency and phase mismatch of HHG process prevents the potential applications in multi-photon ionization,single shot coherent diffraction imaging,and attosecond pump-probe.HHG driven by TW or even PW high power laser is the straightforward way to generate intense attosecond pulses.Loose focusing geometry is proposed to overcome the over-ionized plasma that will destroy the phase matching process.Attosecond pulse withμJ pulse energy and 10^(14)W/cm^(2)power density is obtained using loose focusing geometry and adaptive optics.It serves as an alternative to free electron laser with shorter pulse duration and better stability to investigate ultrafast nonlinear phenomena.Various gating technique is utilized to isolate singleattosecond burst from an attosecond pulse train.Few-cycle driving laser with stabilized carrier envelope phase(

关 键 词：激光光学 超快激光 阿秒脉冲 高次谐波 相位匹配 

分 类 号：O437[机械工程—光学工程]