施用氰氨化钙对连作西瓜生长和产量的影响  

Effect of calcium cyanamide on growth and yield of watermelon

作　　者：王志伟[1] 朱菲莹[1] 谭华[1] 李涵 周文 戴思慧[2] WANG Zhiwei;ZHU Feiying;TAN Hua;LI Han;ZHOU Wen;DAI Sihui(Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,Hunan,China;College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院,长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第5期36-39,44,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划(2018NK2024);科技特派员创新创业(2020NK4261)。

摘　　要：为了探究氰氨化钙对连作西瓜生长的影响,以早佳8424为材料,在连作5年的钢架大棚,研究不同剂量氰氨化钙(CK:0 g·m^(-2);T1:60 g·m^(-2);T2:120 g·m^(-2);T3:180 g·m^(-2))对连作西瓜植株生长指标、果实性状和产量、枯萎病发病率等的影响。在西瓜连作土壤中添加适量的氰氨化钙能够显著促进西瓜的生长发育,降低枯萎病发病率,提高连作西瓜的产量。T2处理提高不同时期西瓜植株的茎粗、主蔓长、叶片的SPAD值,显著提高西瓜植株的鲜质量和干质量,枯萎病发病率仅为5.79%,比CK增产67.07%,西瓜整个生育期的生长性状及产量表现为最佳,对西瓜枯萎病防控效果最好。In order to study the effect of calcium cyanamide on the growth of continuous cropping watermelon,Zaojia 8424 was used as material,and four treatments were adopted in greenhouse:control treatment(without calcium cyanamide,CK),low concentration calcium cyanamide 60 g·m^(-2)(T1);medium concentration of calcium cyanamide 120 g·m^(-2)(T2);high concentration calcium cyanamide180 g·m^(-2)(T3).The effects of different dosage of calcium cyanamide on the growth index,fruit characters,yield and incidence of Fusarium wilt of continuous cropping watermelon were studied under the treatment of calcium cyanamide.The results showed that adding suitable amount of calcium cyanamide to the soil of watermelon continuous cropping could significantly promote the growth and development of watermelon,reduce the incidence of Fusarium wilt and increase the yield of watermelon continuous cropping.The stem diameter,main stem length and leaf Spad value of watermelon plants at different stages were increased by T2 treatment,and the fresh weight and dry weight of watermelon plants were significantly increased.The incidence of Fusarium wilt in T2 treatment was only 5.79%,the output of T2 was 67.07% higher than CK.The results of this study provide a theoretical guidance for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping of watermelon in greenhouse.

关 键 词：西瓜 氰氨化钙 连作障碍 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]