新冠肺炎疫情对我国西瓜甜瓜产业的影响及后疫情时期发展建议  

Influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on China's watermelon and melon industry and its development countermeasures in the post-epidemic period

作　　者：王晓君[1] 杨玉莹 孙立新 吴敬学[1] 毛世平[1] WANG Xiaojun;YANG Yuying;SUN Lixin;WU Jingxue;MAO Shiping(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第5期125-131,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(161005202112)。

摘　　要：受新冠肺炎疫情影响,2020年我国西瓜甜瓜产业在生产端、市场端及进出口贸易方面均受到不同程度冲击:(1)西瓜甜瓜生产端所受影响有限,疫情暴发前期以短期内物流不畅、劳动力短缺为主,但市场端发生的变化传导到瓜农,造成瓜农中后期西瓜甜瓜销售价格与销量齐跌,经济收益受损;(2)西瓜甜瓜市场价格波动幅度大,相比往年同期,旺季价格下跌,全年成交量下降三成;(3)我国西瓜甜瓜以内销为主,受国际市场影响微弱。针对疫情对西瓜甜瓜产业的多方位影响,后疫情时期提出从加快培育新型经营主体、打造西瓜甜瓜现代果品全产业链体系、推动西瓜甜瓜产业绿色转型、提升西瓜甜瓜品牌特色、大力发展西瓜甜瓜电子商务等方面推进我国西瓜甜瓜产业高质量发展。China’s watermelon and melon industry was affected by COVID-19 epidemic to varying degrees in terms of production,market,and import and export trade in 2020:(1)The impact of COVID-19 epidemic on the production of watermelon and melon was limited.Poor logistics and labor shortages were the main obstacles in the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak,but the impact became weak as time went by.However,the turbulence that occurred on the market was transmitted to melon farmers,which led to loss of economic gains of farmers because of the low price and low sales of watermelon and melon this year;(2)The price of the watermelon and melon market fluctuated greatly.Compared with the same period of last year,the price of watermelon and melon on peak season dropped,and the annual transaction volume dropped by 30%;(3)China's watermelon and melon were mainly consumed in the domestic market,which were weakly affected by the international market.In the post-epidemic period.Tt is suggested to promote the high-quality development of China's watermelon and melon industry from the following aspects:cultivating the new types of agricultural business subjects,building a modern watermelon and melon industry chain system and green transformation,enhancing the influence of the watermelon and melon brand,and developing the e-commerce,etc.

关 键 词：西瓜 甜瓜 新冠肺炎疫情 瓜农 市场波动 发展对策 

分 类 号：S651S652[农业科学—果树学]