柔性圆盘抽取式制种玉米去雄机的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Flexible Disk Extraction Seed Corn Detasseling Machine

作　　者：聂志光 王锦江[2] 田甜[2] 赵政 崔亮[2] 刘学文[2] Nie Zhiguang;Wang Jinjiang;Tian Tian;Zhao Zheng;Cui Liang;Liu Xuewen(Ordos Vocational College of Eco-environment,Ordos 017010,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂尔多斯生态环境职业学院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010 [2]中国农业机械化科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第8期84-87,170,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701202)。

摘　　要：现阶段,国内制种玉米生产中的去雄环节以人工作业为主,机械化去雄机具短缺,严重制约了玉米种业的发展。针对这一问题,设计了一种柔性圆盘抽取式制种玉米去雄机,以自走式高地隙底盘为搭载平台,采用光电传感器进行雄穗高度信号采集,通过四连杆机构调节抽取部件位置,随着柔性圆盘的转动将玉米雄穗及附带茎叶收拢、夹持、抽取、与植株分离,完成母本雄穗的去除作业。田间试验表明:去雄机以5~8km/h的速度作业时,一次去雄率均值达到86.7%,能够满足机械化去雄作业的要求。At present, the emasculation operation of domestic seed corn production is mainly manual work, and there is a shortage of detasseling equipment, which seriously restricts the development of corn seed industry. In order to solve this problem, a flexible disk extraction seed corn detasseling machine is designed. The equipment takes the self-propelled high clearance chassis as the carrying platform, uses the photoelectric sensor to collect the tassel height signal, adjusts the position of the extraction parts through the four-bar linkage mechanism, and with the rotation of the flexible disk, the corn tassel and its accompanying stems and leaves are collected, clamped, extracted and separated from the plant, thus completing the mother plant removal of tassel. Field experiments showed that the average emasculation rate reached 86.7% at a speed of 5~8 km/h, which could meet the requirements of mechanized emasculation.

关 键 词：制种玉米 去雄机 柔性圆盘抽取式 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]