清初经典考据下的学理之辩——以阎若璩《尚书古文疏证》为中心  

On the Academic-Logic Discussion of the Classical Textual Research in the early Qing Dynasty——focusing on Yan Ruoqu’s Shangshu Guwen Shuzheng

作　　者：王新杰 WANG Xinjie(School of History,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《上饶师范学院学报》2021年第2期9-14,58,共7页Journal of Shangrao Normal University

摘　　要：阎若璩《尚书古文疏证》作为清初考据学的典范之作,其学术价值素为学人所重;然其客观的思想史价值,至梁启超始为发覆。今人余英时先生则于阎若璩之著述动机,着人先鞭,以为《尚书古文疏证》具有超出学术层面以上的哲学关怀,即所谓尊程朱而贬陆王。余英时先生提出这一观点后十余年,赵刚先生就此说撰文驳论,相与商榷,认为阎若璩的考据并不具有哲学动机。二位先生的讨论,发人深省,然仍不足令人厌服。若对二位先生论断之关键即"虞廷心传"之于程朱、陆王两派的地位详加考量,并结合阎氏著作中尊程朱贬陆王之言论,再联系清初学界理学清算之学术背景,则阎氏之哲学动机,厘然可见。Yan Ruoqu’s Shangshu Guwen Shuzheng is regarded as a model of textual research in the early Qing Dynasty,and its academic value has been highly valued by scholars.However,its objective value in the history of thought was not revealed until Liang Qichao began to study it.A modern scholar,Yu Yingshi,is the first person to study Yan Ruoqu’s writing purpose,believing Shangshu Guwen Shuzheng had a philosophical concern beyond the academic level,that is,the so-called honoring Cheng Zhu and demoting Lu Wang.More than ten years after Mr.Yu Yingshi put forward this point of view,Mr.Zhao Gang wrote a rebuttal on this point and discussed it with Mr.Yu,thinking that Yan Ruohuang’s textual research had no philosophical motive.The discussion between the two scholars is thought-provoking,but still not convincing.If people carefully consider the key to their judgment,that is,the position of"Yu Ting Xin Zhuan"with regard to Cheng Zhu and Lu Wang respectively,combining with the remarks of honoring Cheng Zhu and demoting Lu Wang in Yan’s book,reconnecting with the academic background of Neo-Confucianism liguidation in the early Qing Dynasty,they can clearly see Yan’s philosophical motive.

关 键 词：《尚书古文疏证》 经典辨伪 考据学 道统 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]