立式螺旋装置自走式饲喂机出料性能分析与试验  

Analysis and Test of Output Performance of Vertical Screw Self-propelled Feeding Machine

作　　者：郭芳 李锡文[2] 詹小斌 王洪波[1] 李海军[1] Guo Fang;Li Xiwen;Zhan Xiaobin;Wang Hongbo;Li Haijun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]华中科技大学数字制造装备与技术国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《农机化研究》2021年第9期149-156,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975226);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701704)。

摘　　要：出料量的精确控制是实现自动饲喂的关键技术之一。为了获得自主研制的立式螺旋装置自走式饲喂机出料量、螺旋装置转速和出料口面积大小的关系,实现自动饲喂出料量的精确控制,通过理论与试验分析,获得了不同物料出料量的影响因素及不同螺旋装置转速下出料量与出料口面积大小的数学模型。研究结果表明:①玉米秸秆的自重较小,物料间易相互缠绕,影响出料量的主要因素为出料口大小,随着螺旋装置转速增大,螺旋装置转速对出料量的影响增大;②颗粒饲料自重较大,摩擦阻力小,影响出料的主要因素为重力作用;③当螺旋装置转速在100~160r/min范围内、出料口面积达到3/4(42cm^(2))前,随着出料口面积增大,玉米秸秆出料量呈线性变化,在3/4出料口面积之后不受出料口面积变化影响;④当螺旋装置转速在100~160r/min范围内,随着出料口面积的增大,颗粒饲料出料量呈指数增加,且随着螺旋装置转速增大,逐渐趋近一条直线。At present,there are still a large number of small and medium-sized pastures in China.Because of their scale and funding constraints,large feeding equipments are difficult to accommodate.There is an urgent need for specific livestock machinery to improve its mechanization level,among which automatic feeding machines are particularly important.To realize the precise control,the relationship between controllable variables and target-controlled variable are needed to obtained.A parameter-adjustable test bench for conveying performance parameters was built.The results showed that:①The theoretical output of corn straw screw device was larger than the measured output.For the corn stalk was light and easily tangled,the main influence factor was the outlet size.In addition,the influence of screw speed on the output increased as the rotation speed of the screw increased.As a result,two curves were basically parallel.The difference was mainly due to the limitation of the outlet.②In contrast to the corn straw,the theoretical output of the pellet feed,considering the role of the screw conveyor,was less than the measured output.The main influence factor of output of the pellet feed was its gravity because of its heavier weight and reduced friction resistance.With the increase of the rotating speed of the screw,the space between the measured curve and the theoretical output decreased,indicating that the influence of gravity was weakened,but still accounted for a large proportion.③When the rotation speed of the screw conveyor was in the range of 100-160r/min,the corn stalk would change linearly with the enlargement of the outlet until it reached 3/4(42cm^(2)).Then the output would remain stable till the end of the experiment.④When the rotation speed of the screw conveyor was in the range of 100-160r/min,however,the pellet feed output changed exponentially as the outlet was enlarged.Moreover,as the rotation speed of the screw conveyor increased,it gradually approached a straight line.

关 键 词：饲喂装置 螺旋输送 流动行为 

分 类 号：S817.3[农业科学—畜牧学]