生活垃圾分类制度的双重属性困境与出路  

The dilemma and outlet of the dual attributes of domestic waste sorting system

作　　者：琪若娜 QI Ruona(Research Institute of Environmental Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学环境法研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2021年第5期1-7,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(19JJD820004)资助。

摘　　要：在污染者负担原则与公众参与原则的共同作用下,生活垃圾分类制度中的居民同时具备"污染者"与"公众"的身份特征。由于污染者负担原则通常以义务作为本位,公众参与原则以权利作为本位,使得生活垃圾分类制度具有权利与义务的双重属性。现有生活垃圾分类制度在这种复杂的双重属性中陷入了强制居民履行义务却忽略其权利行使的困境。针对此,文中从一种权利义务共生的角度出发,提出设定强制性义务发挥作用的边界并积极发挥多元社会机制的推动参与作用,以实现生活垃圾分类制度中权利义务关系的再定位。Under the joint action of the polluter pay principle and the public participation principle,residents as the main body of the domestic waste classification system have the identity characteristics of both"polluter"and"public".Since the polluter pay principle is usually based on obligations,and the public participation principle is based on rights,so the domestic waste sorting system has dual attributes of rights and obligations.The existing domestic waste sorting system has fallen into the dilemma of forcing residents to perform their duties but ignoring the exercise of their rights in this complexly dual attribute.In response to this,from the perspective of a symbiosis of rights and obligations,suggestions are proposed to set the boundaries of mandatory obligations,and actively play the role of multiple social mechanisms to promote participation in order to realize the re-positioning of rights and obligations in the domestic waste sorting system.

关 键 词：生活垃圾分类制度 污染者负担原则 公众参与原则 权利义务 共生 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]