水分胁迫对棱角山矾生长和生理的影响  

Effects of Water Stress on the Growth and Physiology of Symplocos tetragona

作　　者：赵楚 张岳 辛建攀 田如男[1] Zhao Chu;Zhang Yue;Xin Jianpan;Tian Runan(Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第5期12-18,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局林业科学技术推广项目[2017]11号;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：为了探究水淹和干旱胁迫对棱角山矾形态和生理特性的影响,以2年生棱角山矾幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽控水法,对重度水淹(W1)、轻度水淹(W2)、对照(W3)、轻度干旱(W4)、重度干旱(W5)处理下棱角山矾生长指标、生物量和生理指标进行测定。结果表明:棱角山矾在W2处理下基本能够正常生长;水分处理(除轻度水淹)对棱角山矾株高和生物量积累有抑制作用;随水分胁迫程度增大和时间延长,棱角山矾幼苗叶片细胞质膜系统受损程度加剧,植株存活率下降。与对照组相比,随着胁迫时间的延长,各处理组中幼苗叶片细胞可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖质量分数、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈先上升后下降的趋势;至胁迫末期,棱角山矾的叶绿素质量分数较对照显著降低。可见,棱角山矾幼苗喜湿润土壤,对干旱胁迫比较敏感,可通过提高细胞渗透调节物质质量分数和抗氧化酶活性来应对水分胁迫,在75%土壤含水量至轻度水淹(水面与土面相平)胁迫下生长良好。In order to explore the effects of flooding and drought stress on the morphological and physiological characteristics of Symplocos tetragona, with 2-a seedlings, we determined the growth indexes, biomass and physiological indexes with potted water control method for five treatments including severe flooding(W1), mild flooding(W2), control(W3), mild drought(W4), and severe drought(W5). S. tetragona could grow normally under W2 treatment. Water treatment had an inhibitory effect on the plant height and biomass accumulation of it, excluding light flooding. With the increase of water stress degree and time extension, the damage degree of the leaf plasma membrane system increased, and the survival rate of plants decreased. The contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar, the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in each treatment group increased first and then decreased. By the end of stress, the chlorophyll content of S. tetragona was significantly lower than that of the control. Therefore, S. tetragona seedlings prefer moist soil, and are more sensitive to drought stress;they can increase the content of cell osmotic adjustment substance and antioxidant enzyme activity to response water stress, and grow well under 75% soil water content to mild water flooding stress.

关 键 词：棱角山矾 水分胁迫 生长变化 生理特性 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]