直升机复合材料传动轴缠绕设计制备及接头连接研究进展  

Research progress on structural design,manufacturing technology and connection mode of filament wound composite transmission shaft for helicopter

作　　者：罗睿 李勇[1] 还大军[1] 王武强 刘洪全 王俊生 杨潇 LUO Rui;LI Yong;HUAN Dajun;WANG Wuqiang;LIU Hongquan;WANG Junsheng;YANG Xiao(College of Materials Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,南京210016

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2021年第3期52-65,共14页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

基　　金：直升机传动技术国防重点实验室课题项目(HTLA-20K01)。

摘　　要：传动轴是直升机传动系统的关键部件之一,用复合材料传动轴替代金属传动轴是直升机轻量化发展的必然趋势。本文主要针对直升机复合材料传动轴结构设计、制备技术及连接方式等方面开展综述研究,并提出直升机复合材料传动相关技术的未来发展方向和趋势。目前,复合材料传动轴结构设计包括理论设计方法与有限元设计法,制备技术包括缠绕成型、三维编织VRTM成型与热压罐成型等,连接方式包括机械连接、胶接、混合连接等。现有复合材料传动轴主流设计方法效率偏低、主观性较强,在未来研究中可采取人工智能算法与有限元分析技术相结合的手段,自动求解出边界条件内的最优设计方案;当前热固性复合材料轴管层间性能较差,在制备轴管时建议优先采用韧性高、抗疲劳性能与抗冲击性能好、可回收利用的热塑性复合材料,并实现原位固结成型,以提升制件的力学特性、环境亲和性与生产效率;传统连接方式存在各自的弊端和不足,可通过引入预紧力齿形连接技术与大张力缠绕技术改进现有齿形压装连接方式,提高传动轴的结构承载能力与连接效率,确保直升机传动系统稳定、安全运行。The transmission shaft is one of the key components of the helicopter transmission system.It is an inevitable trend to replace metal transmission shaft with composite transmission shaft.This article mainly focused on the structural design,manufacturing technology,and connection mode of the helicopter composite driveshaft.In addition,the future development direction and trend of helicopter composite transmission shaft technology were put forward for the existing problems.At present,the structural design of composite transmission shaft includes theoretical design method and finite element design method,the manufacturing technology includes winding forming,3D braiding VRTM forming and autoclave forming,etc,and the connection modes included mechanical joint,adhesive bonded joint,and hybrid joint,etc.Significantly,the existing mainstream design methods of composite transmission shaft are inefficient and subjective.In future research,the combination of artificial intelligence algorithm and finite element analysis technology can be adopted to automatically solve the optimal design scheme within the boundary conditions on the premise of meeting the use requirements.Simultaneously,the current composite shaft tube has the disadvantages of poor interlaminar properties.It is suggested that the recyclable thermoplastic composite with high toughness,good fatigue resistance,and impact resistance should be preferred in the preparation of shaft tubes and realize in-situ consolidation.In this way,the mechanical properties,environmental compatibility,and preparation efficiency of the composite transmission shaft can be improved.Besides,the traditional connection modes have different shortcomings.By applying pre-tightened teeth connection technology and high tension winding technology,the existing teeth press-fitting connection should be ameliorated to improve the structural bearing capacity and ligation efficiency of the composite driveshaft,so as to ensure the stable and safe operation of the helicopter transmission system.

关 键 词：直升机 复合材料传动轴 设计 制造 接头 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]