气动磁镜氘氚聚变体中子源的辐射安全管理初探  

Preliminary study on radiation safety management of Gas Dynamic Trap based D-T fusion volumetric neutron source

作　　者：邹静婷 汪振 陈超[1] 曾秋孙[1] 陈志斌 ZOU Jingting;WANG Zhen;CHEN Chao;ZENG Qiusun;CHEN Zhibin(Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031 China;University of Science and Technology of China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2021年第1期69-72,77,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：国际原子能机构(IAEA)研究协调项目(项目编号:F13018-22776);安徽省重点研究与开发计划国际科技合作专项(项目编号:202004b11020032);中俄青年科学家交流计划--气动磁镜GDT中子源的核安全设计与分析。

摘　　要：随着聚变能研究进入工程化阶段,迫切需要高通量聚变体中子源开展材料和部件的辐照测试。基于气动磁镜(Gas Dynamic Trap,GDT)装置的聚变中子源具有中子通量高、测试空间大、建造成本低等优点,是高通量聚变体中子源的理想方案。作为一种新型的放射性装置,在我国现行核安全监管法律法规体系下,如何对其开展辐射安全管理是在该装置建造之前必须要理清的问题。本文分析了GDT聚变体中子源的辐射安全特性,阐明了GDT聚变体中子源的主要辐射源项,并结合我国现有核安全监管法律法规要求,提出GDT聚变体中子源在建造及应用过程中的辐射防护与安全管理要点,建议GDT中子源作为I类射线装置管理,运行之前应取得辐射安全许可证和核材料许可证,特别需要注意对放射性氚的安全防护。本文为国际高通量聚变体中子源ALIANCE的辐射安全管理工作提供指导,同时可供我国的核与辐射安全管理部门参考。The fusion neutron source based on Gas Dynamic Trap(GDT)device has the advantages of high neutron flux,large testing space and low construction cost,so it is an ideal solution for high-flux fusion volumetric neutron source.As a new type of radioactive facility,how to carry out radiation safety management under the current nuclear safety regulatory laws and regulations in China is an important issue that must be addressed before the construction of this facility.In this paper,the radiation safety characteristics of GDT fusion neutron source was analyzed and the main radiation terms of GDT fusion neutron source were expounded.Combined with the existing nuclear safety regulatory laws and regulations in China,the key points of radiation protection and safety management in the process of construction and application of GDT fusion neutron source were put forward.It is recommended that the GDT neutron source should be managed as a class I radiological device.Prior to operation,radiation safety permit and nuclear material permit should be obtained,and special attention should be paid to the safety protection of radioactive tritium.This study will pay the way for the radiation safety management of the international high flux fusion neutron source ALIANCE project,and also provide the reference for the related nuclear and radiation safety management departments in China.

关 键 词：气动磁镜 中子源 聚变 氚 中子活化产物 

分 类 号：TL752[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]