中美农产品贸易竞争与互补关系及其潜力  

Research on the Competitiveness,Complementarity and Development Potential of Sino US Agricultural Trade

作　　者：彭虹[1] 林绍珍[1] 张祖娟 PENG Hong;LIN Shao-zhen;ZHANG Zu-juan(Jinshan College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学金山学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期20-31,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：2017—2018年度教育部国别和区域研究课题(120/K41SCE08A);2016年度福建省中青年教师教育科研项目“福建农产品贸易发展与转型研究”(JAS160828);福建省教育厅特色专业项目“服务产业特色专业-国际经济与贸易”(Y163702);福建农林大学南太平洋岛国研究中心年度课题(KXJD1819A)。

摘　　要：研究借助显示性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数、产品相似度指数、产品分散度指数以及贸易强度指数对2009—2019年中美农产品贸易的竞争性、互补性与发展潜力进行测算。研究结果表明:中美农产品贸易虽然长期存在贸易逆差,但整体贸易结构合理,两国具有比较优势的农产品类别不重叠且差异性较强,体现出较强的互补性,双边贸易竞争性较弱,发展潜力较大,双边贸易存在较大的上升空间。但相对美国而言,中国农产品出口多样性较弱的问题也应引起重视。最后,根据研究结论,提出中美应加强双边农产品贸易合作,优化双边农产品贸易发展环境的对策建议,并指出在中美贸易摩擦不断升级背景下,中国也应积极制定农产品发展长期战略以提升出口农产品国际竞争力。This research uses the indicators of revealed comparative advantage,trade complementarity,product similarity and trade intensity to measure the competitiveness,complementarity and development potential of Sino US agricultural trade from 2009 to 2019.The results show that although there has been a long-term trade deficit between China and the United States,the overall trade structure is reasonable.The categories of agricultural products with comparative advantages of the two countries do not overlap and have strong differences,reflecting strong complementarity,weak competition in bilateral trade,great potential for development,and large space for bilateral trade to rise.However,compared with the United States,the export of agricultural products in China is less diversified.Finally,according to the conclusion of the study,it is proposed that China and the United States should strengthen bilateral agricultural trade cooperation and optimize the development environment of bilateral agricultural products trade.In addition,under the background of the rising trade friction between China and the United States,China should also actively formulate the long-term development strategy of agricultural products to enhance the international competitiveness of export agricultural products.

关 键 词：农产品贸易 显示性比较优势指数 产品相似度指数 贸易互补性指数 产品分散度指数 贸易强度指数 

分 类 号：F752.6[经济管理—国际贸易]