新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间居民认知与简易应对方式测评分析  

Cognition and simple coping style among population during the COVID-19 outbreak

作　　者：蔡泽敏 郑树楷[1] 黄燕虹 邱昭龙 吴库生[1] CAI Ze-min;ZHENG Shu-kai;HUANG Yan-hong;QIU Zhao-long;WU Ku-sheng(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,China;Mental Health Center of Shantou University)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院,广东汕头515041 [2]汕头大学精神卫生中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2021年第4期491-494,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的在新型冠状病毒疫情流行期间对居民开展防控认知和简易应对方式调查,为精准防控策略提供科学依据。方法 2020年2月通过设计调查问卷及简易应对方式量表,采用网络便利抽样法邀请研究对象,对广东省为主的居民进行调查。结果有效问卷585份,调查对象以青中年(98.8%)为主,本科以上占73.4%,医务人员占21.9%,95.9%研究对象处于健康状态。简易应对方式量表结果显示,332(56.8%)人倾向采取积极应对方式。除≥60岁年龄组的积极应对标准分高于常模(P<0.05),不同性别、年龄组、文化程度、职业和健康状况的居民积极应对和消极应对标准分均低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同性别、年龄组、职业和健康状况之间的积极应对倾向差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同文化程度的积极应对倾向差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。获取疫情信息的途径主要是官方新闻(85.0%)、APP文章推送(70.1%)等,认为主要传播途径为飞沫传播(99.5%)、接触传播(89.1%)等,认为出行佩戴口罩(99.5%)、避免去人多的地方(98.5%)等能预防感染,出行受限(66.2%)、信息爆炸(48.9%)、行程安排受影响(46.7%)等为困扰因素。结论疫情期间人群有不同程度的防控认知和预防措施,多数人采取积极应对方式,但应对方式标准分仍低于常模。在突发公共卫生事件期间,应加强防控知识的宣传教育,科学引导公众采取正确的应对方式。Objective To investigate the cognition and the simple coping style of the residents during the outbreak of COVID-19,so as to provide scientific basis for precise prevention and control strategy. Methods In February,2020,the mainly residents of Guangdong Province were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire and simple coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)through network. Results There were 585 valid questionnaires collected,among which98.8% were young and middle-aged,and 73.4% were bachelor degree or more. Medical workers accounted for 21.9%. Most of the participants were healthy(95.9%). The results of the SCSQ showed that 332(56.8%)people tended to adopt a positive coping style. Except positive coping scores of the age group of ≥60 higher than the norm,positive coping and negative coping scores of different gender,age,educational degree,occupation and the healthy state were lower than the norm,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in positive coping tendencies between different gender,age group,occupation,and health state(P>0.05),and the positive coping tendency of different educational levels was statistically significant(P<0.05). The main accesses of information were official news(85.0%)and timely message of APP(70.1%). The main routes of COVID-19 transmission were droplet transmission(99.5%)and contact transmission(89.1%). Wearing a face mask(99.5%),avoiding gathering together(98.5%)can prevent infection. Bothering factors were limited going outsides(66.2%),information explosion(48.9%),and impact on the original schedule(46.7%). Conclusion During the epidemic,people have different degrees of awareness and preventive measures,and most of them adopt a positive coping,but the scores of coping style are lower than the norm. In the public health emergency,we should strengthen the healthy knowledge of prevention and control,scientifically guide the coping style of the public.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 认知 应对方式 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]