北京市怀柔区住宿场所集中空调冷却塔军团菌病风险分析  

Risk analysis of Legionella disease in cooling towers of central air-conditioning in accommodations in Huairou District of Beijing

作　　者：坑斌[1] 孙利文[1] 胡金凤 KENG Bin;SUN Li-wen;HU Jin-feng(Environmental Health Department,Huairou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,101400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市怀柔区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,北京怀柔101400

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第4期534-537,541,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京市怀柔区住宿场所冷却塔军团菌病风险情况,定量评价健康风险。方法 2018年全区抽检住宿场所10家,开展冷却水检测和现场问卷调查,最终采用冷却塔军团菌病健康风险指数模型定量分析。结果共监测冷却水样20份,调查问卷10份,结果显示,怀柔区冷却塔军团菌增殖风险指数、含菌气溶胶传播风险指数和暴露人群易感风险指数依次为12.09、22.23和5.42。综合风险指数为39.74,且三星级以上住宿场所高于三星级以下场所(t=3.37,P<0.05)。结论北京市怀柔区冷却塔军团菌总体处于较低风险水平,含菌气溶胶传播风险相对较高,应重点防控三星级以上住宿场所。Objective To understand the risk of Legionella disease in cooling towers of central air-conditioning in accommodations in Huairou District of Beijing,quantitatively evaluate the health risks. Methods Totally 10 accommodations were sampled and tested in the district in 2018,to carry out the cooling water detection and field questionnaire survey. Finally,the quantitative analysis was performed by the health risk index model of Legionella disease in cooling tower. Results Totally 20 cooling water samples were tested and 10 questionnaires were collected. The results showed that the Legionella proliferation risk index,bacterial aerosol transmission risk index and susceptibility risk index of exposed population was 12.09,22.23 and 5.42 in cooling towers of Huairou District. The composite health risk index was 39.74,and that in three-star above accommodations was higher than that in accommodations below three-star(t=3.37,P<0.05). Conclusion The risk of Legionella disease in cooling towers in Huairou District of Beijing is generally at a lower level. The risk of bacterial aerosol transmission is relatively high. It is necessary to focus on the prevention and control of three-star or above accommodations.

关 键 词：住宿场所 集中空调 冷却塔 军团菌病 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]