记忆与想象的蒙太奇叙事:超现实主义视野下的建筑考察  

Montage Narratives of Memory and Imagination in Surrealistic Architecture

作　　者：陆邵明 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院

出　　处：《创意与设计》2021年第2期90-95,共6页Creation and Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51778357)。

摘　　要：超现实主义借助于弗洛伊德梦的机制与理论,强调超脱现实回归原始记忆,强烈否定理性,肯定潜意识的作用。这种艺术运动直接影响到了建筑领域。超现实主义建筑以积极的态度寻找创作来源、方法和目的,同时涉及关于空间存在的意义等哲学问题探讨。建筑师用自己的体验、认知、原真地表达自己潜意识中的梦幻空间。本文通过文献综述、案例追寻、分类比较,阐述了超现实主义的3个发展阶段,归纳了现实物象的变形、场景的反逻辑拼贴组合等方法策略,总结了超现实主义建筑的价值目标:批判古典理性主义建筑,反思人类存在的精神价值,关注主体的诗意栖居等;同时,揭示了超现实主义的建筑艺术根植于现实世界的记忆与想象,真正打动人的是那种不确定的想象叙事及其自由浪漫的诗意场景。此文目的是重新认知超现实主义建筑中记忆与想象、主体与客体、艺术与科学之间的辩证关系,进而给当今设计师一个启示:在追寻迷恋人工智能技术的同时不能丧失对主体认知的原始回归与精神世界的重视。Based on the mechanisms and theories of Freudian dreams, Surrealism emphasizes the return of original memory beyond reality, that strongly denies reason and affirms the role of the subconscious. This artistic movement directly influenced the field of architecture, including Le Corbusier, Enric Miralles and others. Surrealist architecture takes a positive approach to finding creative sources, methods and purposes, while involving philosophical questions about the meaning of space and time. The architect expresses the dream space of his subconscious with his own experience, perception, and originality. Through literature review, case study and categorical comparison, this paper elaborates the three historic stages of Surrealism, methodological strategies(the deformation of realistic objects, the anti-logical collage of scenes and others), as well as the value objectives of Surrealist architecture: critique classical rationalist architecture, reflect on the spiritual value of human existence, pay attention to the poetic habitat of the subject and so on. At the same time, the thesis reveals that surrealist architectural art is rooted in real-world memory and imagination, and what really strikes people is the kind of indeterminate imaginary narratives and free romantic poetic scenes. The purpose of this article is to re-cognize the logical relationship between memory and imagination, subject and object, art and science in surrealist architecture, and to give a revelation to today’s designers: while pursuing their fascination with artificial intelligence technology, they should not lose focus on the primitive return of subject perception and the spiritual world.

关 键 词：超现实主义 建筑 记忆 想象 蒙太奇叙事 

分 类 号：TU201[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]