广州地区献血人群ABO及Rh血型检测的回顾性分析  

Retrospective analysis of ABO and Rh blood group testing among blood donation population in Guangzhou area

作　　者：黄伯泉[1] 郑优荣[1] 王淏[1] 李仲平[1] 黄志健[1] 梁浩坚[1] HUANG Boquan;ZHENG Yourong;WANG Hao;LI Zhongping;HUANG Zhijian;LIANG Haojian(Guangzhou Blood Center/Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心/广州市医学重点实验室,510095

出　　处：《重庆医学》2021年第10期1708-1711,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2021022);广州市医学重点学科建设项目(血液安全重点实验室)。

摘　　要：目的了解广州地区献血人群ABO及Rh血型的检测情况,以及本地区人群的ABO血型构成分布及Rh阴性血型分子生物学状况,为保证临床用血安全和更好给献血者服务提供依据。方法对2016年1月至2019年12月健康献血者进行常规ABO、Rh血型检测;统计分析ABO构成比,ABO疑难血型、Rh初筛阴性可疑标本在本中心血型实验室进行系统的血型血清学确认与分型,分析ABO血型错误原因,Rh阴性表型分型情况。结果2016年1月至2019年12月本地区共献血1412960(人)份,ABO血型分布为O型(40.95%)>A型(26.98%)>B型(25.28%)>AB型(6.76%)。2148份ABO血型错误,其中实验室血型检测正反一致错血型(Ⅰ类)1328份[61.82%(1328/2148)];ABO正反不一致或O型指示细胞阳性类错血型(Ⅱ类)820份[38.17%(820/2148)],Ⅱ类中确认147例ABO亚型[B亚+AB亚91例(61.90%),A亚+A亚B 38份(25.85%),其他18份(12.24%)]、不规则抗体阳性283份。Rh阴性表型确认5727份[0.41%(5727/1412960)],表型构成分布为:ccdee 51.65%(2958/5727)、Ccdee 35.88%(2055/5727)、CCdee 7.44%(426/5727)、CcdEe 1.73%(99/5727)、ccdEe2.85%(163/5727)、CCdEe 0.45%(26/5727),156份D变异型。结论血型检测正反一致血型错误(Ⅰ类)是本中心血型错误的主要原因。Objective To understand the ABO and Rh blood group testing situation among the blood donation population in Guangzhou area,the ABO blood group composition distribution among the population in this region and the molecular biological status of Rh negative blood group,so as to provide a basis for ensuring the safety of blood for clinical use and better service for blood donors.Methods The routine ABO and Rh blood group tests were conducted on healthy blood donors from January 2016 to December 2019;the ABO composition ratio was statistically analyzed,the ABO difficult blood group and Rh suspected specimens in negative primary screening conducted the systematic blood group serological confirmation and typing in the blood group laboratory of this center,and the reasons for ABO blood group errors and Rh negative phenotype typing were analyzed.Results There were 1412960 person-times of blood donors in this region from January 2016 to December 2019.The ABO blood group distribution was the type O(40.95%)>type A(26.98%)>type B(25.28%)>type AB(6.76%);there were 2148 cases of ABO blood type errors,in which the laboratory detection of positive and negative consistent wrong blood type(Ⅰclass)had 1328 cases[61.82%(1328/2148)].There were 820 cases of inconsistent ABO positive and negative or O-type indicator cell positive blood type(Ⅱclass)[38.17%(820/2148)]and 147 cases of ABO subtype were confirmed in the classⅡ[B sub+AB sub 91 cases(61.90%),A sub+A sub B 38 cases(25.85%),the other 18 cases(12.24%)],283 cases of irregular antibody positive;Among 5727 cases(5727/1412960,0.41%)of Rh negative samples,the phenotypic constituent distribution was as follows:ccdee 51.65%(2958/5727),Ccdee35.88%(2055/5727),CCdee 7.44%(426/5727),CcdEe 1.73%(99/5727),ccdEe 2.85%(163/5727),CCdEe 0.45%(26/5727)and 156 cases of D variant.Conclusion The positive and negative consistent blood type errors in the blood type test(Ⅰclass)are the main reason for the blood type errors in this center.

关 键 词：ABO血型 RH血型 ABO亚型 不规则抗体 献血者 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]