microRNA调控病毒与宿主相互作用机制研究进展  

Research progress of microRNA regulating the interaction between virus and host

作　　者：赵学亮 刘海金[1] 王兴龙[1] 萧飒[1] 党如意[1] 杨增岐[1] ZHAO Xueliang;LIU Haijin;WANG Xinglong;XIAO Sa;DANG Ruyi;YANG Zengqi(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F Univesity,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2021年第4期812-819,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31572538,31672581);陕西省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(2019JQ-281);西北农林科技大学博士科研启动基金资助项目(2452018098)。

摘　　要：microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类单链非编码小分子RNA,能够结合mRNA,影响翻译效率,在基因转录后调控中发挥重要作用。近年来的多项研究表明,miRNA参与免疫功能、凋亡、肿瘤发生等多种生物学过程,并可作为一类新型调控因子介导病毒与宿主相互作用。近年来,研究发现部分病毒也可编码miRNA,宿主编码的miRNA结合病毒基因组抑制病毒复制,而病毒编码的miRNA也可通过改变宿主微环境逃避天然免疫应答。现就miRNA的形成过程、作用机制及其在病毒与宿主间的调控作用进行综述,以期为病毒致病机制的深入研究提供思路。MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of single chain small non-coding RNAs which play essential roles in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression.miRNA can regulate protein expression by specifically binding to mRNA and influencing translation efficiency.Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA participates in various biological processes such as immune function,apoptosis,and tumorigenesis.At the same time,miRNA can be used as a new type of regulatory factor to mediate the interactions between virus and host.Current evidence shows that miRNAs can be encoded both by viruses and host cells.Host-encoded miRNAs can bind to viral genome to inhibit viral replication,and virus-encoded miRNAs can alter the internal microenvironment of host to escape the innate immune response.This paper introduces the formation,mechanism and virus-host interactions of miRNAs,in order to provide new insights for further research on molecular pathogenesis.

关 键 词：microRNA(miRNA) 细胞源miRNA 病毒源miRNA 病毒 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]