核桃专用生物-有机-无机复混肥对核桃种植的影响  

Effect of Walnut Special Bio-organic-inorganic Compound Fertilizer on Walnut Planting

作　　者：赵学通 徐思琪 张琪 盘文政 尚海丽 王斌 王靓贤 赵荣彪 Zhao Xuetong;Xu Siqi;Zhang Qi;Pan Wenzheng;Shang Haili;Wang Bin;Wang Jingxian;Zhao Rongbiao(Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650217;Yunnan Fermentation Engineering Research Center Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650217)

机构地区：[1]云南云叶化肥股份有限公司,昆明650217 [2]云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司,昆明650217

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第11期108-113,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划-生物种业和农产品精深加工重大专项“核桃专用生物-有机-无机复混肥对核桃种植的影响”(2018ZG001)。

摘　　要：目前核桃专用肥以复混肥搭配有机肥为主,肥料利用率较低,且会造成肥料浪费,增加施肥成本;本研究结合核桃需肥规律和核桃主产区土壤养分情况,针对核桃专用肥的施用现状在云南核桃主产区进行生物-有机-无机复混肥的应用研究,旨在提高肥料利用率、减少肥料施用量和提高核桃产区土壤微生物活性;在肥料施用期间检测土壤微生物情况以及功能菌株的定殖情况,并对处理过的核桃植株进行农艺性状的测定。结果表明:16-6-8生物-有机-无机复混肥(油枯发酵)能促进土壤中细菌、放线菌的繁殖,抑制真菌的生长,对4株功能细菌在土壤中的定殖具有一定辅助作用;16-6-8生物-有机-无机复混肥(烟梗烟末发酵)对核桃产量和质量的提高具有明显效果。综合农艺性状、经济性状和施肥成本,发酵烟梗烟末形成的生物-有机-无机复混肥成本较低,且核桃田间表现和产量更高,因此在核桃生产上推荐烟梗烟末发酵生物-有机-无机复混肥。At present, the special fertilizer for walnut is based on compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer,which has low fertilizer utilization rate and can cause waste of fertilizer and increase the cost of fertilization.This study combined the law of walnut fertilizer and the status of soil nutrient in the main walnut producing area, and studied the application of bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on walnut in Yunnan, aiming to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce the application amount of fertilizer and enhance the soil microbial activity. The soil microorganism and the colonization of functional strains were detected during fertilizer application, and the agronomic characters of the treated walnut plants were determined. The results showed that 16-6-8 bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer(oil blight fermentation) could promote the growth of bacteria and actinomyces, inhibit the growth of fungi, and facilitate the colonization of 4 functional bacteria in the soil. 16-6-8 bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer(flue gas fermentation) had obvious effect on walnut yield and quality improvement. Based on the agronomic characters, economic characters and fertilization cost, the bio-inorganic-inorganic compound fertilizer formed by the fermented tobacco stalk and ash had a relatively low cost, and the field performance and yield of walnut were relatively high. Therefore, the bioorganic-inorganic compound fertilizer is recommended for the production of walnut.

关 键 词：核桃 生物-有机-无机复混肥 土壤微生物 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S144.1[农业科学—肥料学]