儿童吞气症78例病例系列报告  

78 cases of aerophagia in children:A case series report

作　　者：梁翠萍 耿岚岚 李慧雯 任路 陈佩瑜 许朝晖 杨敏 龚四堂 LIANG Cuiping;GENG Lanlan;LI Huiwen;REN Lu;CHEN Peiyu;XU Zhaohui;YANG Min;GONG Sitang(Department of Gastroenterology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou 510623,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心消化科,广州510623

出　　处：《中国循证儿科杂志》2021年第2期156-158,共3页Chinese Journal of Evidence Based Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的提高临床对儿童吞气症的认识。方法纳入2017年6月至2020年5月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心消化科就诊、年龄1~18岁、诊断包括“吞气症”且遵医嘱进行门诊随访的连续病例,从病历系统中截取患儿的临床资料和随访记录。结果78例吞气症患儿纳入本文分析,男51例、女27例,年龄1.4~12岁,<4岁13例(16.7%),病程2~24个月。78例均有吞气样动作、“晨轻暮重”腹胀和肛门排气增多,其他临床表现主要包括:食欲下降、腹痛、打嗝、便秘、恶心、呕吐、腹泻等。6例合并抽动障碍,2例合并孤独症谱系障碍,1例合并脑性瘫痪。54例有可疑诱因,主要包括急性胃肠炎、变应性鼻炎、呼吸道感染、精神压力大和外科手术后等。腹部X线平片检查和胃肠镜检查等均未见异常。经治疗后痊愈64例,症状反复8例,疗效不佳6例。结论吞气症在不同年龄儿童均可发生,主要表现为腹胀、吞气样动作及肛门排气增多,多数患儿经过治疗后痊愈。Objective To improve the clinical understanding of children's pneumophagia.Methods The children aged 1 to 18 years,diagnosed with aerophagia and followed up in Gastroenterology Department of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from June 2017 to May 2020 were included.The clinical data and follow-up records of the patients were collected from the medical record system.Results There were 51 males and 27 females,aged from 1.4 to 12 years old.Among them,13 cases(16.7%)were below 4 years old.The course of disease ranged from 2 to 24 months.The clinical manifestations mainly included decreased appetite,abdominal pain,hiccup,constipation,nausea,vomiting and diarrhea.There were 6 cases complicated with tic disorder,2 cases complicated with autism and 1 case complicated with cerebral palsy.Fifty-four cases had suspected causes,mainly including acute gastroenteritis,allergic rhinitis,respiratory tract infection,mental stress and after surgery.Abdominal distension was the main complaint of 78 patients.During the treatment,air swallowing was observed.Abdominal distension was characterized as"mild in the morning and severe in the evening".Abdominal X-ray and gastroenteroscopy showed no abnormity.After treatment,64 cases were cured,8 cases had recurrent symptoms and 6 cases had poor curative effect.Conclusion Aerophagia can occur in children of any ages.The main manifestations were abdominal distension,gas swallowing and anal exhaust increase.Most of the children were cured after treatment.

关 键 词：吞气症 儿童 临床表现 治疗 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]