芥菜胞质雄性不育系结荚性状的筛选和细胞学鉴定  

Screening and cytological identification of pod-setting traits in cytoplasmic male sterile lines of mustard(Brassica juncea)

作　　者：刘志新 徐玉颖 姚培杰 许可净 韩一鸣 傅强[1] 万正杰[1] LIU Zhixin;XU Yuying;YAO Peijie;XU Kejing;HAN Yiming;FU Qiang;WAN Zhengjie(College of Horticulture and Forestry/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory Plant Biology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院/园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2021年第3期133-140,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-A-06)。

摘　　要：对59份不同变种芥菜材料(30份细胞质雄性不育系和29份保持系)的结荚性状进行田间调查,统计结荚畸形情况;同时,利用分子标记对30份芥菜雄性不育系材料进行了鉴定。结果显示:有23份是芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系,7份是芥菜ogu细胞质雄性不育系。29份芥菜保持系材料、7份芥菜ogu细胞质雄性不育系和5份芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系的荚表现均为饱满、直立,其他芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系荚则表现出不同程度的畸形。以结荚正常的保持系材料为对照(CK),对芥菜ogu细胞质雄性不育系和芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系的花药败育和花器官发育进行细胞学观察,发现芥菜ogu细胞质雄性不育系和芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系(荚正常)花药败育特征为绒毡层提前降解,芥菜hau细胞质雄性不育系(荚畸形)的败育特征为形成雄蕊—雌蕊嵌合体,初步揭示了芥菜雄性不育系结荚畸形性状的细胞学形成机制。The pod-setting traits of 59 mustard(Brassica juncea)varieties including 30 cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 29 maintenance lines were studied with field investigation,molecular markers and cytological observation.The results of molecular markers analysis showed that 23 lines were hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 7 lines were ogu cytoplasmic male sterile lines.The results of cytological observation showed that siliques of the 29 maintainers,7 ogu cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 5 hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines were plump and vertical,while siliques of the 18 hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines were abnormal to different degree.Using the maintainer material with normal pod setting as the control(CK),the anther abortion and floral organ development of the mustard ogu cytoplasmic male sterile lines and the mustard hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines were cytologically observed.The results showed that the flower abortion of ogu cytoplasmic male sterile lines and hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines(normal pods)was the tapetum degraded in advance,while that of hau cytoplasmic male sterile lines(abnormal pods)was the formation of stamen-pistil chimera.It is indicated that the cytological formation mechanism of the pod-setting traits in cytoplasmic male sterile lines of mustard is preliminarily explored.

关 键 词：芥菜 雄性不育系 细胞学观察 败育 结荚性状 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]