氮锌配施对水稻生长、产量和养分吸收分配的影响  

Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on growth,yield,nutrient absorption and distribution of rice

作　　者：李俊丽 钱干 李海星 张丽梅 叶祥盛[1] 徐芳森[1] 蔡红梅 LI Junli;QIAN Gan;LI Haixing;ZHANG Limei;YE Xiangsheng;XU Fangsen;CAI Hongmei(Center of Microelement Research/College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院/微量元素研究中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2021年第3期159-167,共9页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200108)。

摘　　要：为研究氮锌配施对水稻生长、产量和养分吸收分配的影响,采用大田小区试验,以籼型杂交稻品种广两优35和常规粳稻品种日本晴为研究材料,设置3个锌水平和4个氮水平的交互处理,分析了各生育期水稻的生物量,成熟期产量及构成因素,各部位氮和锌的含量、累积量和分配比例。结果表明,氮锌配施对水稻早期的生长和后期的产量形成均具有协同增效效应,这种效应在不同水稻品种中具有一定的差异性。氮锌配施对水稻每公顷穗数具有极显著的正向交互效应,每公顷穗数的显著增加是氮锌配施下水稻产量提高的主要原因。氮锌配施不仅提高了水稻植株中的氮和锌含量,同时还促进了氮和锌向生殖器官(小穗)中分配,这可能是水稻产量提高的主要生理机制之一。In order to investigate the effect of the combined application of N and Zn fertilizers on the growth,yield,nutrient absorption and distribution of rice,the indica hybrid rice variety Guangliangyou 35 and conventional japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare were treated with combined application of three Zn levels and four N levels in field experiment.We analyzed the shoot dry weight at different growth stages,the yield and its components at mature stage as well as the concentrations,accumulations and distributions of N and Zn in different organs and tissues.Results showed that the combined application of N and Zn fertilizers had synergistic effect on the rice biomass at the early growth stage and the yield at the mature stage.The combined application of N and Zn fertilizers had significant synergistic effect on rice panicle numbers.The significantly increased panicle numbers determined the increase of yield under the combined application of N and Zn fertilizers.The combined application of N and Zn fertilizers increased the concentrations of N and Zn in rice plant,and promoted the distribution of N and Zn to the reproductive organ(spikelet),which is one of the main physiological mechanisms of increasing yield under the combined application of N and Zn fertilizers.

关 键 词：水稻 氮锌配施 氮锌互作 精准施肥 水稻增产 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S147.34[农业科学—肥料学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]