我国七大流域大鳞副泥鳅形态学比较分析  

Morphological comparative analysis of Paramisgurnus dabryanus in seven water systems in China

作　　者：陈鸿禄 易少奎 李军涛[3] 王卫民[1] CHEN Honglu;YI Shaokui;LI Juntao;WANG Weimin(College of Fisheries/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Life Sciences,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院/农业动物遗传育种与繁育教育部重点实验室/农业农村部淡水生物繁育重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]湖州师范学院生命科学学院,湖州313000 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2021年第3期230-237,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372180)。

摘　　要：基于线性回归分析、单因素方差分析、判别分析、主成分分析与聚类分析等方法对珠江水系、长江水系、淮河水系、辽河水系、海河水系、松花江水系19个自然群体共646个个体的外部可量性状进行形态学比较。线性回归分析结果显示,大鳞副泥鳅前驱长(DAC)/体长(LB)与纬度呈负相关(r=-0.782),尾柄长(LCP)/体长(LB)与纬度呈正相关(r=0.834)。单因素方差分析结果显示,松花江流域和辽河流域的形态学无显著差异,同时松辽流域与其他流域在全长(LB)、尾柄长(LCP)以及前驱长(DAC)表现出显著性差异。判别分析结果显示,松辽流域和南方水系的判别准确率为100%,两者之间没有错判。主成分分析结果显示,主成分1贡献率为38.1%,3个主成分可以解释大鳞副泥鳅不同地理群体形态差异的62.9%,这3个主成分主要反映在体高(HB)、体宽(WB)、尾柄高(HCP)、尾柄宽(LCP)。聚类分析结果显示,我国七大流域大鳞副泥鳅大致分为南北两大支。南方水系和北方水系大鳞副泥鳅在外部形态上存在一定程度差异,根据75%识别和划分规则,认为松辽流域和南方水系部分群体的大鳞副泥鳅形态学差异可能达到亚种水平。Eleven morphological characters of 19 Paramisgurnus dabryanus populations from 7 water systems were analyzed by using GLM linear regression analysis one-way ANOVA discriminant analysisprincipal component analysis and cluster analysis.The GLM linear regression analysis showed that the anal-caudal fin distance(DAC)/body length(LB)was negatively correlated with latitude(r=-0.782)and the caudal peduncle length(LCP)/body length(LB)was positively correlated with latitude(r=0.834).The results of one-way ANOVA indicated that the morphological differences were not significant between the Songhua River and the Liaohe River populations;Songliao population was characterized by a shorter total lengtha longer caudal peduncle length and a shorter anal-caudal fin distance.Discriminant analysis showed that the comprehensive correct diserimi-nation rate was 65.9%and the accuracy of the discrimination between the populations from Songliao and the southern was 100%.The principal component analysis result indicated that 62.9%of the variance was explained by three major three major components.The first and most important component explained 38.1%of the original variation and the parameters with strong positive discriminating power(load value>0.4)were body height(HB)body width(WB)caudal peduncle height(HCP)caudal peduncle height(LCP).The result of clustering analysis revealed two distinct clusters:the north and the south populations.The present study showed that there was significant difference in the morphological characteristics of P.dabryanus between the southern and northern water system in China.According to the Mayr’s 75%rule most morphology differences of P.dabryanus between the Songliao and some southern water systems may characterize subspecies.The present study provides morphological basis for the taxonomic status of the P.dabryanus population in China.It also provides useful information for the population assessment management and conservation of P.dabryanus.

关 键 词：大鳞副泥鳅 地理群体 形态差异 种质资源 种群结构 比较分析 聚类分析 亲缘地理学 

分 类 号：Q959.46+8[生物学—动物学]