沥青路面超疏水抗凝冰涂层设计及性能  

Design and Performance of Super-hydrophobic Anti-icing Coating on Asphalt Pavement

作　　者：张争奇[1] 强亚奎 张世豪 王东 赵富强 ZHANG Zhengqi;QIANG Yakui;ZHANG Shihao;WANG Dong;ZHAO Fuqiang(Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education,Chang an University,Xi an 710064,China;Henan Provincial Communications Planning&Design Institute Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Shaanxi Provincial Highway Expressway Construction Croup Co.Ltd.,Xi an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学,特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室,西安710064 [2]河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司,郑州450046 [3]陕西省高速公路建设集团公司,西安710065

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第10期10073-10079,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51008031)。

摘　　要：超疏水涂层具有超强的疏水性能,用于沥青路面表面可以延缓路面结冰,具有良好的抗凝冰效果,但涂层存在易脱落、耐磨性差的缺点,导致融冰雪功能耐久性不足。为了提高超疏水抗凝冰涂层的表面稳定性和耐久性,本工作采用“功能层+粘结层”的复合式设计方案,通过试验研究了功能层和粘结层的材料构成及配比,并对复合式涂层的抗凝冰效果和表面稳定性进行了试验和评价。通过研究和分析,建议功能层采用疏水SiO_(2)和Fe_(3)O_(4)进行纳米复合改性,以改善超疏水涂层耐磨性差及易反光的问题,并基于接触角和滚动角的测试结果,推荐抗磨耗填料SiO_(2)和颜色调配料Fe_(3)O_(4)的最佳掺量分别为涂层浆体质量的2%和2.5%;建议粘结层采用环氧树脂混合体系以提高涂层与路面的附着力,并基于附着力试验结果,确定了混合体系中环氧树脂、固化剂及环氧增韧剂的最佳质量比为2∶1∶0.2。同时,通过SEM分析了各层的微观形貌,阐述了各层材料的作用机理。最后,复合式超疏水抗凝冰涂层的路用性能测试结果表明,复合式涂层稳定性和耐久性好,能够抵抗动水冲刷和冻融循环,且具有良好的抗凝冰性能。Super-hydrophobic coating has super-strong hydrophobic property,which can delay pavement icing and has good anti-icing effect when used on asphalt pavement surface.However,the coating has the disadvantages of easy falling off and poor wear resistance,resulting in insufficient durability of ice and snow melting function.In order to improve the surface stability and durability of super-hydrophobic anti-icing coa-ting,this paper adopts the composite design scheme of"functional layer+adhesive layer",studies the material composition and proportion of functional layer and adhesive layer through experiments,and tests and evaluates the anti-icing effect and surface stability of composite coating.Through research and analysis,the functional layer was suggested to adopt hydrophobic SiO_(2) and Fe_(3)O_(4) for nano-composite modification to improve the poor wear resistance and easy reflection of super-hydrophobic coating.Based on the test results of contact angle and rolling angle,it is recommended that the optimal content of anti-wear filler SiO_(2) and color blending material Fe_(3)O_(4) are 2%and 2.5%of slurry mass respectively.It is suggested to use epoxy resin mixed system to improve the adhesion between the coating and the road surface.Based on the adhesion test results,the optimal ratio of epoxy resin,curing agent and epoxy toughening agent in the mixed system is determined to be 2∶1∶0.2.At the same time,the microscopic morphology of each layer was analyzed by SEM,and the action mechanism of each layer of materials was expounded.Finally,the road performance test results of the composite super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating show that the composite coating has good stability and durability,can resist dynamic water scouring and freeze-thaw cycles,and has good anti-icing performance.

关 键 词：超疏水 抗凝冰 复合式涂层 抗磨高粘 路用性能 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]