基于SiC纳米工作液和常规乳化液的高速走丝电火花线切割加工表面特性的对比研究  

A Comparative Study on Surface Characteristics of HSWEDM Based on SiC Nanofluids and Conventional Emulsions

作　　者：郭翠霞 吴张永[1] 谢文玲 张建平 张莲芝[1] 邹应辉 GUO Cuixia;WU Zhangyong;XIE Wenling;ZHANG Jianping;ZHANG Lianzhi;ZOU Yinghui(Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Yibin 644000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]四川轻化工大学机械工程学院,宜宾644000

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第10期10166-10170,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：四川轻化工大学省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010622097,cx2020182)。

摘　　要：以SiC纳米液为工作介质,研究高速走丝电火花线切割加工表面的特性。采用两步法制备SiC纳米流体,并与乳化液或去离子水混合作为纳米工作介质,多次切割SKH-51高速钢。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)分析表面微观形貌和纳米面粗糙度,利用Taylor-Hobson-50粗糙度仪测量宏观表面粗糙度,利用能谱仪(EDS)检测表层的化学成分。SiC/乳化液纳米工作液、常规乳化液、SiC/去离子水纳米工作液三种不同介质加工样品的纳米面粗糙度S q分别为64.7 nm、135 nm和22.8 nm,重铸层厚度分别为11μm、16μm、14μm,宏观表面粗糙度R a分别为1.4640μm、1.7923μm和1.3149μm。与常规乳化液加工相比,SiC纳米工作液均无明显的电极丝放电痕迹,但SiC/去离子水纳米工作液有明显的黑白条纹,表面光洁度劣于SiC/乳化液纳米工作液。SiC纳米工作液加工的表面均未呈现蜂窝状,陨石坑大而浅,微观裂纹均不明显,孔洞呈细针孔状,其中SiC/乳化液纳米工作液加工的表面针孔更细而少。SiC纳米工作液能有效提高高速走丝电火花线切割加工表面的质量。The purpose of this study is to investigate the surface performance of high speed wire cut electrical discharge machining(HSWEDM)using SiC nanometer liquid as the working medium.SiC nanofluids were prepared by using a two-step process,which was mixed with emulsion or deionized water as the nanometer working medium,and SKH-51 high speed steel was cut several times on HSWEDM.Microstructure and nanometer surface roughness of the recast layer were evaluated by SEM and AFM.Macro surface roughness was measured by Taylor-Hobson-50 roughness meter,and chemical composition of the surface was detected by EDS.The results show that the nanometer surface roughness S q of the SiC/emulsion nanometer working fluid and conventional emulsion and SiC/deionized water nanometer working fluid were 64.7 nm,135 nm and 22.8 nm,respectively.And the thickness of the recast layer was 11μm,16μm and 14μm,respectively.And the macroscopic surface roughness R a was 1.4640μm,1.7923μm and 1.3149μm,respectively.Compared with conventional emulsion processing,the SiC nanometer wo-rking fluid had no obvious trace of electrode wire discharge,but the SiC/deionized water nanometer working fluid had obvious black and white stripes,and the surface finish was not better than that of the SiC/emulsion nanometer working fluid.The surface processed using SiC nanometer working fluid showed no honeycomb,and craters were large and shallow,and microcracks were not significant,and pinholes were fine,between the two,the surface processed by SiC/emulsion nanometer working fluid had finer and fewer pinholes.The results show that the surface quality of HSWEDM was improved by using SiC nanometer liquid as working medium.

关 键 词：高速走丝电火花线切割 碳化硅纳米流体 SKH-51高速钢 表面微观形貌 重铸层 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：TG147[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]