原位聚合法制备聚苯乙烯/Laponite纳米复合乳液及其性能表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Polystyrene/Laponite Nanocomposites Based on In-situ Emulsion Polymerization

作　　者：李刚刚 沈洁[2] 赵欣麟 张向军[1] 阚成友[2] Ganggang Li;Jie Shen;Xinlin Zhao;Xiangjun Zhang;Chengyou Kan(State Key Laboratory of Tribology,Tsinghua University;Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室 [2]清华大学化工系教育部先进材料重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2021年第3期1-9,16,共10页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000300)。

摘　　要：首先通过甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯与溴乙烷反应制得N,N,N,N-二甲基乙基甲基丙烯酰氧乙基溴化铵,利用该季铵盐对纳米片层材料Laponite进行化学改性来提高Laponite与苯乙烯(St)的相容性,然后以辛基苯酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(OP-10)为助乳化剂通过原位Pickering乳液聚合制备了PSt/Laponite复合乳液。利用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热分析、热重分析等测试手段探究了乳化体系、改性程度等对复合乳液的制备及性能的影响。最后,将PSt/Laponite复合乳液与苯丙乳液(PSB)共混后成膜,考察了PSt/Laponite复合乳液用量及Laponite改性程度对复合乳胶膜力学性能和透水汽性的影响。结果表明,OP-10与Laponite复配有助于获得稳定的PSt/Laponite复合乳液,Laponite的改性程度对复合微球的大小及形貌有重要影响,Laponite的引入亦使复合体系的Tg和热稳定性有所改善;将5%PSt/Laponite组分引入PSB体系所得乳胶膜拉伸强度(Rm)由8.3MPa提升至14.8MPa,同时其透水汽性较加入同比例不改性PSt/Laponite复合乳液所得乳胶膜提升了19%。In this paper, the polystyrene(PSt)/laponite composite was prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization, and the compatibility between laponite and PSt was significantly improved by the chemical modification of quaternary ammonium salt on the laponite. Effects of the modification degree of laponite on the properties of the composite latexes and corresponding composite materials were investigated by TEM, SEM, XRD, DSC and TGA. In addition, the PSt/laponite composite latex was introduced into a poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate) latex to form the composite latex films, and the properties of the as-prepared films including tensile strength and water vapor permeability were investigated. It is found that the modification degree of laponite is the key factor to influence the preparation and property of the composite latex. Introduction of laponite has obvious effect on the glass transition temperature(Tg) and heat resistance of PSt, the tensile strength(Rm) of the latex film obtained by introducing the 5% PSt/laponite component into the PSB system is increased from 8.3 MPa to 14.8 MPa, and its water vapor permeability is improved 19% compared with the latex film obtained by adding the same proportion of unmodified PSt/laponite composite emulsion.

关 键 词：纳米黏土 插层改性 聚苯乙烯 复合乳液 

分 类 号：TQ316.334[化学工程—高聚物工业]