基于GIS的湘江流域生态系统服务价值时空变化及其驱动力分析  

The Spatial and Temporal Changes of Ecosystem Service Value of Xiangjiang River Basin Based on GIS Driving Force Analysis

作　　者：韩英 郑文武[1] 邓美容[1] HAN Ying;ZHENG Wenwu;DENG Meirong(Hengyang Normal University,Hunan Hengyang 421008,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院,湖南衡阳421008

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2021年第4期51-57,共7页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：湘西与湘南传统村落空间模式比较研究(CX20190985)。

摘　　要：生态系统服务价值评估是生态系统环境管护、开发利用的重要基础。本文借助GIS和遥感相关的软件、技术,选取长江流域城镇化大发展的黄金时期2005年、2010年、2015年三期湘江流域Landsat系列遥感影像,采用修正的生态系统服务价值评估模型,通过子流域单元以及价值图谱对湘江流域的生态系统服务价值空间变化进行估算分析,并进一步研究其服务价值的时空变化,同时运用地理探测器探测了影响流域ESV的驱动因子。研究结果表明,(1)湘江流域经济发展中由于水利开发和城市建设进行程度比较快,各类土地利用类型中水域和建设用地的面积有所增加,呈减少趋势的主要有林地、草地和耕地;(2)2005-2015年,湘江流域生态服务价值总体呈降低趋势,空间分布特征表现为上游生态服务价值高,价值变化减少量最小,下游地区服务价值变化显著,其中靳江河、捞刀河和浏阳河流域服务价值有明显的减少趋势;(3)地理探测器分析表明,人为影响综合指数是影响流域ESV的主导因子,人为影响因子、人均GDP、人口密度及植被覆盖的交互增强效应共同影响了湘江流域生态系统的服务价值。Ecosystem service value assessment is an important foundation for ecosystem environmental management,protection,development and utilization.With the help of GIS and remote sensing-related software and technology,this paper selects the three phases of the Xiangjiang River Basin Landsat series of remote sensing images in 2005,2010,and 2015 during the golden period of the urbanization development in the Yangtze River Basin,and adopts the revised ecosystem service value evaluation model.The basin unit and the value map estimate and analyze the spatial changes of the ecosystem service value of the Xiangjiang River Basin,and further study the temporal and spatial changes of its service value.At the same time,the geo-detector is used to detect the driving factors that affect the ESV of the basin.The research results show that,(1)due to the rapid progress of water conservancy development and urban construction in the economic development of the Xiangjiang River Basin,the area of water and construction land in various types of land use has increased,and the main areas that show a decreasing trend are forest land,grassland and cultivated land;(2)from 2005 to 2015,the ecological service value of the Xiangjiang River Basin showed a general downward trend.The spatial distribution characteristics showed that the upstream ecological service value was high,the value change reduction was the smallest,and the downstream area service value changed significantly.Among them,the service value of Jinjiang River,Laodao River and Liuyang River Basin has an obvious decreasing trend;(3)geographic detector analysis shows that the comprehensive index of human influence is the dominant factor affecting ESV of the basin,the interactive enhancement effect of human influence factors,per capita GDP,population density,and vegetation coverage are common affected the service value of the ecosystem of the Xiangjiang River Basin.

关 键 词：湘江流域 生态系统服务价值 时空变化 地理探测器 驱动力因子 

分 类 号：P9[天文地球—自然地理学]