防弹衣抗小钨球侵彻性能的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Anti-Penetration Performance of Body Armor against Small Tungsten Sphere

作　　者：唐昌州 智小琦[1] 郝春杰 范兴华 TANG Changzhou;ZHI Xiaoqi;HAO Chunjie;FAN Xinghua(College of Mechatronics Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;Jinxi Industrial Group,Taiyuan 030027,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]晋西工业集团,山西太原030027

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2021年第3期109-119,共11页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

摘　　要：为研究防弹衣抗小钨球侵彻的性能,结合试验,利用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA建立了小钨球侵彻防弹衣的数值模型。在此基础上,对侵彻过程进行了数值模拟,分析了防弹衣的破坏机理,并探讨了凯夫拉(Kevlar)与超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene,UHMWPE)混杂配比对防弹衣抗侵彻性能的影响。研究结果表明:在小钨球侵彻作用下,防弹衣迎弹面主要发生纤维剪切破坏,背弹面主要发生纤维拉伸断裂破坏,并伴随着一定的层间分层破坏。随着着靶速度的提高,纤维的拉伸及分层破坏程度降低;与单一Kevlar制作的防弹衣相比,采用面板Kevlar、背板UHMWPE混杂结构的防弹衣抗侵彻性能更好。当Kevlar/UHMWPE的体积配比分别为1∶1、1∶2和1∶4时,防弹衣的抗侵彻性能分别提高3.7%、5.3%和4.4%,质量分别减少14.1%、18.8%和22.5%。综合考虑防弹衣的抗侵彻性能和重量,采用Kevlar/UHMWPE混杂配比为1∶2的防弹衣结构最佳;在弹道极限附近,采用Kevlar/UHMWPE混杂结构的防弹衣的吸能效果优于单一Kevlar结构,且随着着靶速度的提高,两者的吸能差异逐渐减小。研究结果对防护装备的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。In order to study the anti-penetration performance of body armor against small tungsten sphere,combined with the experiment,the numerical model of small tungsten sphere penetrating into body armor was established by using the finite element analysis software LS-DYNA.On this basis,the penetration process was numerically simulated,the damage mechanism of body armor was analyzed,and the influence of Kevlar and Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)hybrid ratio on the anti-penetration performance of body armor was discussed.The investigation results show that the shear failure of fiber mainly occurs on the impact face of body armor,and the tensile fracture of fiber mainly occurs on the back of body armor,accompanied by a certain delamination failure under the penetration effect of small tungsten sphere.The tensile failure and delamination failure degree of fiber decrease with the increase of the impact velocity of small tungsten sphere.Compared with the body armor made of Kevlar,the body armor with hybrid structure of Kevlar placed on the impact face and UHMWPE placed on the back has better antipenetration performance.When the hybrid ratio of Kevlar and UHMWPE is 1∶1,1∶2 and 1∶4,the antipenetration performance of body armor is improved by 3.7%,5.3%and 4.4%respectively,and the mass of body armor is reduced by 14.1%,18.8%and 22.5%respectively.In the comprehensive consideration of antipenetration performance and weight of body armor,the Kevlar/UHMWPE structure whose fiber hybrid ratio is 1∶2 is the best.When the impact velocity is near the ballistic limit,Kevlar/UHMWPE hybrid structure has better energy absorption effect than single Kevlar structure.However,with the increase of the impact velocity,the difference of energy absorption between them decreases gradually.The research results have a certain reference value for the optimization design of protective equipment.

关 键 词：防弹衣 小钨球 抗侵彻性能 混杂复合材料 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]