聚碳酸酯型高硬度聚氨酯弹性体合成及性能研究  

Synthesis and properties of polycarbonate-type polyurethane elastomer with high hardness

作　　者：李廷廷 吕小健 沈照羽 徐祥 崔胜恺 刘锦春[1] LI Ting-ting;LV Xiao-jian;SHEN Zhao-yu;XU Xiang;CUI Sheng-kai;LIU Jin-chun(Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics,Ministry of Education,School of Polymer Science and Engineering,Qingdao University of Science&Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《热固性树脂》2021年第1期14-18,共5页Thermosetting Resin

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GGX102044);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020204)。

摘　　要：采用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯体系由半预聚体法合成了聚酯型高硬度聚氨酯弹性体。通过硬度、力学性能和耐水性能测试以及示差扫描量热分析研究了硬段含量和异氰酸根含量对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响。结果表明:硬段质量分数为55.5%时,材料的硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度最高,断裂伸长率最低,热形变和形变恢复温度最高,水浴时质量变化率最大。随着预聚体中游离异氰酸根含量增加,材料的硬度和各项物理力学性能指标以及玻璃化转变温度、热形变温度和形变恢复温度均呈上升趋势.The polycarbonate-type high-hardness polyurethane elastomer was synthesized by semi-prepolymer method using diphenylmethane diisocyanate system.The effects of hard segment content and isocyanate content on the properties of polyurethane elastomers were studied through the testings of hardness,mechanical properties and water resistance and differential scanning calorimetry analysis.The results showed that when the mass fraction of the hard segment was 55.5%,the material had the highest hardness,tensile strength,tear strength,the lowest elongation at break,the highest thermal deformation and deformation recovery temperature,and the largest weight change rate in water bath.With the increase of free isocyanate content in the prepolymer,the hardness and various physical and mechanical properties of the materials,as well as the glass transition temperature,thermal deformation temperature and deformation recovery temperature all had an upward trend.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 高硬度 硬段 异氰酸根 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]