植物胼胝质合成酶研究进展  

The Advances of Callose Synthase in Plant

作　　者：张庆雯 王兆昊 祁静静 谢宇[1] 雷天刚[1] 何永睿[1] 陈善春[1] 姚利晓[1] ZHANG Qingwen;WANG Zhaohao;QI Jingjing;XIE Yu;LEI Tiangang;He Yongrui;CHEN Shanchun;YAO Lixiao(Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultrural Sciences:National Center for Citrus Varieties Improvement,Chongqing 400712,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学/中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,国家柑桔品种改良中心,重庆400712

出　　处：《园艺学报》2021年第4期661-675,共15页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费专项资金项目(XDJK2019B018);重庆市基础与前沿研究(一般)项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0247);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA18118046-6);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：胼胝质是一种β-1,3–葡萄糖聚合物,植物在生长发育和受到生物、非生物胁迫过程中均会有胼胝质沉积。胼胝质合成酶又称β-1,3–葡聚糖合成酶类似物,通常以多亚基复合物形式控制胼胝质的合成。本文中对胼胝质合成酶的分离鉴定过程进行了梳理,对胼胝质合成酶复合物的亚基及其作用进行了描述,重点总结了转录因子、植物生长调节剂等对胼胝质合成酶基因表达的调控作用,并对胼胝质合成酶在花粉发育和韧皮部运输过程中的作用,对机械损伤、磷酸盐、金属离子等非生物胁迫,以及虫害、细菌和真菌等生物胁迫的应答反应进行了归纳;最后对胼胝质合成酶的研究方向提出展望,以期为解析胼胝质合成酶的调控机制提供参考,也为植物(特别是园艺植物)抗性基因的挖掘提供借鉴。Callose is a β-1,3-glucan polymer, which is deposited during plant growth and development,biotic and abiotic stresses. Callose synthase,also known as β-1,3-glucan synthase like,usually controls the synthesis of callose in the form of multi-subunit complexes. The isolation and identification process of callose synthase,the subunits of the callose synthase complex and their roles are described in the review. The processes of callose synthase gene regulated by transcription factors,plant growth regulator and others are highlighted. In addition,the function of callose synthase under abiotic stresses(wound,phosphate,metal ions,etc.)and biotic stresses(pests,bacteria,fungi,etc.) are summarized. Finally,the research direction of callose synthase in future is discussed. The related content would be helpful for illuminating regulating mechanism of callose synthase and searching for resistance genes in plant(especially horticultural plants).

关 键 词：胼胝质 胼胝质合成酶 生长发育 胁迫响应 调控机制 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]