3种微生物菌剂对牛粪污水除臭过程中细菌群落的影响  

Effect of three deodorant bacteria on microbial community during cow liquiddung deodorization

作　　者：谢玉清[1,2] 陈竞 代金平[1,2] 杨新平 张慧涛[1,2] 王志方 王小武[1,2] 冯蕾 XIE Yuqing;CHEN Jin;DAI Jinping;YANG Xinping;ZHANG Huitao;WANG Zhifang;WANG Xiaowu;FENG Lei(Institute of Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第3期120-127,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(科技援疆计划2020E0204);新疆维吾尔自治区家禽产业技术体系专家项目(xjjqcy-z-2020-01)。

摘　　要：以牛粪污水为研究对象,通过高通量测序技术研究三种微生物除臭菌剂在牛粪污水除臭过程中对细菌多样性的影响,并对部分菌群功能进行预测分析。对分别添加布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)CC1、甲基营养型芽孢杆菌(Bacillus methylotrophicus)Q3、苍白杆菌(Ochrobactrum)FSB进行除臭处理的牛粪污水细菌多样性及群落结构进行分析对比。结果表明:(1)分别添加甲基营养型芽孢杆菌Q3和苍白杆菌FSB的处理可使粪水的微生物群落丰富度和多样性先升后降,而添加布氏乳杆菌CC1的处理微生物群落丰富度和多样持续升高。(2)在属水平,不同处理的组间差异性较大,微生物的丰富度、多样性、相似性、优势菌群均有不同。与除臭和降解功能相关的脱硫微菌属(Desulfomicrobium)、纤维素分解菌属(Ruminiclostridium)、Prolixibacter菌属和Desulfomicrobium菌属在分别添加菌剂处理的F、C、Q组与对照组K,CK差异明显并随着发酵时间的变化而变化,其中随着处理时间的延长,纤维素分解菌属(Ruminiclostridium)的丰度增加明显,菌剂处理组增幅明显大于对照组,发酵15天时在处理Q中,其丰度由0增加到13.01%,F处理和C处理分别由0增加到4.33%,而对照组仅由0增加到1.69%;具有除NH3功能的菌属Prolixibacter的丰度在所有处理中发酵3天时丰度最大,15天时为0;与产NH3功能相关的菌属Paracoccus随着发酵进程逐渐降低,在15天时完全消失;产生H2S的菌属Desulfomicrobium也随着发酵进程逐渐降低,由对照的5.22%下降至3%以下,并且添加菌剂组下降幅度大于不加菌剂组;病原菌Pesudomonas和Acholeplasma的数量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,由0天的1.54%和2.8%降至15天的1.38%和1.87%。(3)在门水平含量最多的是变形菌门(Proteobacteria),接下来依次为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)、热脱硫杆菌门(Spirochaetae)、�Diversity of microbial community was studied in cow dung deodorization in which Lactobacillus buchneri CC1,Bacillus methylotrophicus Q3 and Ochrobactrum FSB were added separately.We analyzed microbial community structure by 16S rDNA sequences of different treatments.The results indicated that adding Bacillus methylotrophicus Q3 and Ochrobactrum FSB made abundance and diversity of microflora in dung first rising and then descending.But adding Lactobacillus buchneri CC1 made abundance and diversity of microflora in dung rising persistently.On Genus level,there was great difference on abundance,diversity,similarity and dominant microbiology in different samples.Desulfomicrobium,Ruminiclostridium,Prolixibacter and Desulfomicrobium relating with deodorization and degradation had great difference in all samples,which changed with fementation time.Abundance of Ruminiclostridium increased distinctly with time expansion and the groups adding microbial inoculums were greater than control,and its abundance in Q increased from 0 to 13.01%,in group F and group C increased from 0 to 4.33%,but control group increased from 0 to 1.69%after 15 days.Abundance of Prolixibacter removing NH3 was the highest in all groups at the third day and was 0 at the fifteenth day.Abundance of Desulfomicrobium producing H2S decreased from 5.22%to 3%with fermentation process and falling range of group adding microbial inoculums higher than control group.The sum of pathogenic bacteria Pesudomonas and Acholeplasma showed a trend of ascending in first and descending at last which decreased from 1.54%and 2.8%at 0 day to 1.38%and1.87%at the fifteenth day.Richness index of Proteobacteria was the highest,successively Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Synergistetes,Spirochaetae,Verrucomicrobi and Fibrobacteres on Phylum level.The abundance of Proteobacteria was 43.6%in group K2 and 27.5%in group C1.Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria decreased with fermentation time expansion in all groups and the groups adding microbial inoculums were lower than contro

关 键 词：除臭菌剂 牛粪污水 高通量测序 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]