基于不同发展情景的黔中经济区国土空间开发建设适宜性评价  

Suitability evaluation of land and space development and construction in central Guizhou Economic Zone based on different development situations

作　　者：罗雪 周旭[1] 杨江州 蒋啸 张继[1] 李洪广 LUO Xue;ZHOU Xu;YANG Jiangzhou;JIANG Xiao;ZHANG Ji;LI Hongguang(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Geological Brigade of Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Guiyang 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局117地质大队,贵阳550018

出　　处：《生态科学》2021年第3期211-221,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401);贵州省人民政府学位委员会办公室研究生教育教学改革重点课题(黔教合YJSCXJH(2020)008);贵州省科学技术项目(黔科合基础[2017]1131);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2855);贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合基础[2018]1116);贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合基础[2017]1120)。

摘　　要：国土空间开发建设适宜性是提升国土空间开发质量与效益的基础保障,对区域协调发展战略具有重要意义。以发展潜力为导向,生态敏感性为约束,运用多要素空间叠置分析法,构建黔中经济区国土空间开发建设适宜性评价指标体系,通过潜力-约束判别矩阵,得到三种发展情景下的适宜性评价方案。结果表明:(1)区域发展潜力总体呈中间高外围低的态势,发展潜力对国土空间开发建设适宜性有着正向拉动作用。(2)区域生态敏感性在空间上集聚与分散分布并存,以水源地、水域和生态保护区为主的高敏区集聚分布于研究区中部。(3)三种情景国土空间开发建设适宜性空间差异明显。生态优先-兼顾发展情景能基本保障未来发展的用地需求,利于生态文明建设与区域可持续发展;发展为主-生态约束情景适宜于以快速城镇化和经济发展为主的发展目标,不利于生态保护;生态-经济发展并重情景在满足区域国土空间用地开发需求同时对生态环境进行保护,经济发展与生态保护有效融合。识别不同发展情景下的开发建设适应性,统筹谋划未来用地的发展趋势和优化空间布局,助推国土集聚开发建设与分类保护相适应,为黔中经济区及其他区域国土空间开发建设提供科学依据。The suitability of land and space development and construction is the basic guarantee for improving the quality and efficiency of land and space development,and is of great significance to the regional coordinated development strategy.Guided by development potential and restrained by ecological sensitivity,the multi-element spatial overlay analysis method is used to construct an evaluation index system for the suitability of land space development and construction in the Central Guizhou Economic Zone.Through the potential-constraint discrimination matrix,three development scenarios are obtained for suitability evaluation program.The results show that:(1)The regional development potential is generally high in the middle and low in the periphery.The development potential has a positive pulling effect on the suitability of land space development and construction.(2)Regional ecological sensitivity is spatially agglomerated and dispersed,and high-sensitivity areas are dominated by water sources;water areas and ecological protection areas are concentrated and distributed in the middle of the study area.(3)There are obvious differences in the suitability of land space development and construction in the three scenarios.Ecological priority-taking into account the development scenario can basically guarantee the land demand for future development,which is conducive to the construction of ecological civilization and regional sustainable development;the development-oriented-ecological restraint scenario is suitable for development goals based on rapid urbanization and economic development,and is not conducive to ecology protection.The scenario of equal emphasis on ecological and economic development meets the needs of regional land and space development,protecting the ecological environment,effectively integrating economic development and ecological protection.It needs to identify the adaptability of development and construction under different development scenarios,plan the development trend of future land use and optimize

关 键 词：国土空间开发建设 适宜性评价 发展情景 黔中经济区 发展潜力 生态敏感性 

分 类 号：Q939.5[生物学—微生物学]