大白菜核不育花药绒毡层的异常细胞程序性死亡(PCD)导致小孢子败育研究  

Tapetum Abnormal PCD Lead to Microspore Abortion in Anther of GMS Line Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：郭瑛琪 李祥 崔海芳 侯凌云 岳艳玲[4] GUO Yingqi;LI Xiang;CUI Haifang;HOU Lingyun;YUE Yanling(Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science,Kunming 650223,China;Shanxi Highland Strawberry Nursery Co.Ltd.,Changzhi 046000,China;Luohe Vocational College of Food,Luohe 462300,China;College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所,云南昆明650223 [2]山西高地草莓育苗有限公司,山西长治046000 [3]漯河食品职业学院,河南漯河462300 [4]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期402-408,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460524,31101551);云南省重点研发专项(2018BB021)。

摘　　要：【目的】观察大白菜花药发育中绒毡层与小孢子的细胞形态,为研究大白菜核不育花药败育机理提供依据。【方法】以大白菜核不育近等基因系10L03为试材,采用石蜡切片法和TUNEL法对可育和不育花药的细胞结构进行观察。【结果】大白菜核不育花药败育起始于减数分裂期绒毡层结构异常,小孢子在四分体时期开始败育;不育发生后,伴随着绒毡层细胞异常膨大,严重空泡化,提前降解,小孢子变形干瘪而死亡;不育与绒毡层提前发生细胞程序性死亡(programmed cell death,PCD)有关,绒毡层PCD过程失控,导致绒毡层爆发性提前降解,影响绒毡层对小孢子进一步发育的营养供应。【结论】不育四分体不能及时释放单核小孢子而影响小孢子的进一步发育,是导致小孢子败育的直接原因。[Purpose]To observe the cell morphology of tapetum and microspore during anther development of Chinese cabbage,in order to provide a basis for the study of anther abortion mechanism of nuclear sterility in Chinese cabbage.[Methods]Near-isogenic line of GMS genes in Chinese cabbage,10L03,was used as the experimental material.Paraffin section and TUNEL were applied to investigating cytological structures of fertile and sterile anther in this paper.[Results]Anther abortion started at the meiosis stage,tapetal cell structure was abnormal.And microspores were aborted from tetrade stage on;after occurrence of sterility,tapetal cells swollen and formed enlargement and vacuolization,and was degraded in advance.Microspores deformed and wizened to die.Sterility was related to premature programmed cell death(PCD)of tapetal cells.Tapetal PCD process was out of control,which promoted tapetal explosive degradation in advance.Tapetum could not supply enough nutrition for the further development of microspores.[Conclusion]Tetrads could not release mononuclear microspores in time.Microspores could not develop further,which was the direct cause to lead to microspores abortion.

关 键 词：大白菜 核不育 绒毡层 细胞程序性死亡(PCD) 

分 类 号：S634.103.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]