南沙海域鸢乌贼繁殖生物学特性  

Reproductive Biology of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in Nansha Islands,South China Sea

作　　者：颜云榕[1,2,3] 邱星宇 张丽姿 钟亚娜 周倍合 招春旭 李忠炉 YAN Yun-rong;QIU Xing-yu;ZHANG Li-zi;ZHONG Ya-na;ZHOU Bei-he;ZHAO Chun-xu;LI Zhong-lu(Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Marine Resources Big Data Center of South China Sea,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhanjiang),Zhanjiang 524013,China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Far Sea Fisheries management and Fishing of South China Sea,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)南海资源大数据中心,广东湛江524013 [3]广东省南海深远海渔业管理与捕捞工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2021年第3期20-27,共8页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201810566003);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900905);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)资助项目(ZJW-2019-08);广东省海洋经济发展专项资金(GDNRC[2020]052);广东省南海深远海渔业管理与捕捞工程技术研究中心配套经费。

摘　　要：【目的】研究南沙海域鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)四个季节繁殖力、性腺成熟度、性成熟比例及卵径的变化规律。【方法】根据2018年灯光罩网作业渔船在我国南海南沙海域捕获的907尾鸢乌贼样本,通过测量胴长、体质量、性腺成熟度、性腺质量、卵粒数,研究鸢乌贼的繁殖生物学特性及变化规律。【结果】鸢乌贼胴长为45~165 mm,体质量为2.52~193.02 g;冬季雌雄比最高(1.23),夏季雌雄比最低(0.51);鸢乌贼个体性成熟比例较高季节分别为春季(53.3%)和冬季(48.4%);雌性个体性成熟度指数值最高为春季(1.27),最低为冬季(0.75),雄性个体性成熟度指数全年变化不明显;鸢乌贼潜在繁殖力为1802~64627粒,相对繁殖力为66.6~990.0粒·g^(-1),胴长与潜在繁殖力呈正相关线性关系;卵细胞长径为0.12~1.73 mm,平均(0.68±0.23)mm,短径为0.08~1.30 mm,平均(0.47±0.20)mm。【结论】2018年鸢乌贼繁殖高峰期出现在春季和冬季,卵径大小与个体生长发育关系不明显,繁殖策略存在季节性差异。【Objective】To study the changes of fecundity,gonad maturity,sexual maturity ratio and egg diameter in four seasons.【Method】Based on 907 specimens of the purpleback flying squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis captured in water near Nansha Islands,South China Sea in 2018 by light-falling net from a fishery boat,the mantle length,body weight,gonad maturity,gonad weight and egg number were measured to study the reproductive biology and changes of S.oualaniensis.【Result】The mantle length of the purpleback flying squid ranged from 45 to 165 mm,and the body weight was 2.52‒193.0 g.The highest sex ratio in winter was 1.23,when the lowest in summer was 0.51.The proportions of mature individuals were 53.3%in spring and 48.5%in winter.The highest female gonad somatic index(GSI)was 1.27 in spring,while the lowest was 0.75 in winter.For male individuals,GSI does not change throughout the year.The potential fecundity of the purpleback flying squid ranged from 1802 to 64627 eggs.In addition,the relative fecundity ranged from 66.5 to 989.9 eggs/g.The individual mantel length was positively correlated with potential fecundity.The long diameter of the egg was 0.12‒1.73 mm with an average of(0.68±0.23)mm,and the short diameter was 0.08‒1.30 mm with an average of(0.47±0.20)mm.【Conclusion】The peak fecundity season of S.oualaniensis was spring and winter.The relationship between the size of egg diameter and individual growth and development was not obvious,and there were seasonal differences in reproduction strategies.

关 键 词：鸢乌贼 繁殖力 卵径 性成熟度指数 南沙海域 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]