PIWI/piRNA复合体调控精子发生的研究进展  

PIWI/piRNA complex-mediated regulation of spermatogenesis

作　　者：沈鹭 俞翀(综述) 高方 洪叶挺(审校) SHEN Lu;YU Chong;GAO Fang;HONG Ye-ting(School of Laboratory Medicine,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310053,China;School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China;Department of Reproductive Endocrinology,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310014,China.)

机构地区：[1]杭州医学院检验医学院,浙江杭州3100531 [2]温州医科大学检验医学院/生命科学学院,浙江温州325000 [3]浙江省人民医院生殖内分泌科,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《中华男科学杂志》2021年第3期262-268,共7页National Journal of Andrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81801513)。

摘　　要：piRNA是近年来研究发现的一类新型小分子非编码RNA,主要表达在生殖细胞中,与PIWI特异性结合形成PIWI/piRNA复合体,调控生殖细胞发育与精子的发生。PIWI/piRNA复合物能抑制转座子维持基因组的稳定性,在球形精子细胞期介导mRNA的翻译激活,延长形精子细胞期参与mRNA的降解,精子形成晚期调控MIWI的泛素化降解,甲基转移酶HENMT1的缺失也会导致精子分化阻滞,PIWI/piRNA通路相关蛋白突变或缺失将影响精子的发生。本文简要综述近年来关于PIWI/piRNA复合体在精子发生过程中所发挥的生物学功能及分子机制的研究进展。PIWI-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)were identified as a novel class of small non-coding RNAs in animal germlines,which are mainly expressed in germ cells,interact with PIWI,and regulate germ cell development and spermatogenesis.The PIWI/piRNA complex can silence the transposon to maintain the stability of the genome,mediate the translational activation of mRNA in the round spermatid phase,participate in the degradation of mRNA in the elongating spermatid phase,and regulate the ubiquitination degradation of MIWI in the late stage of spermatogenesis.The mutation of HENMT1 involved in the primary processing of piRNA leads to the arrest of sperm differentiation,and the mutation or deletion of the related proteins in the PIWI/piRNA pathway may affect spermatogenesis.This review briefly summarizes the biological functions of the PIWI/piRNA complex in spermatogenesis.

关 键 词：PIWI/piRNA复合体 精子发生 雄性不育 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学]