五种常绿冬青叶片防火性能评价  

Fire resistance evaluation of five evergreen hollies’ leaves

作　　者：杨丁 郝明灼 侯召斌[3] 喻方圆 梁有旺 邹义萍 张玉 YANG Ding;HAO Mingzhuo;HOU Zhaobin;YU Fangyuan;LIANG Youwang;ZOU Yiping;ZHANG Yu(College of Forest Sciences,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Holly Engineering Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hangzhou 311300,China;Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Qinghao Landscape Horticulture Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211225,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,南京210037 [2]国家林业局和草原局冬青工程技术研究中心,杭州311300 [3]南京森林警察学院,南京210023 [4]江苏青好景观园艺有限公司,南京211225

出　　处：《广西植物》2021年第5期780-788,共9页Guihaia

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2017375-6,BE2018400);防火及兼观赏冬青品种筛选及栽培技术推广项目(LGYB201911)。

摘　　要：为了筛选冬青属(Ilex)植物优良防火品种,了解该属植物叶片燃烧表现特征,优化园林树种防火性能的评价方法,该文以克恩氏冬青(Ilex×koehneana)、史蒂芬冬青(Ilex‘Nellie R.Stevens’)、大别山冬青(I.dabieshanensis)、博福德冬青(I.cornuta‘Burfordii’)、双核冬青(I.dipyrena)为研究对象,以海桐(Pittosporum tobira)和石楠(Photinia serrulata)作为参照,采用因子分析法对这七种植物鲜叶和干叶的防火性能分别进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)不同冬青品种鲜叶火灾性能指数存在显著性差异,其余指标均呈极显著性差异。(2)经过因子分析进行评价得出鲜叶抗火性从强到弱依次为博福德冬青>史蒂芬冬青>大别山冬青>石楠>海桐>双核冬青>克恩氏冬青;干叶抗火性从强到弱依次为史蒂芬冬青>大别山冬青>博福德冬青>海桐>双核冬青>克恩氏冬青>石楠。(3)综合鲜叶及干叶的评分结果,得出博福德冬青、史蒂芬冬青、大别山冬青得分较高,防火性能优于石楠和海桐,防火性能表现更突出。To select the tree species of Ilex with better fire resistance,to understand the characteristics of foliage burning process,and to optimize the evaluation methods of fire resistant potential for landscape tree species,fresh and dry leaves of Ilex×koehneana,Ilex‘Nellie R.Stevens’,I.dabieshanensis,I.cornuta‘Burfordii’and I.dipyrena were tested in burning experiments with Pittosporum tobira and Photinia serrulata as the reference tree species.Fifteen parameters,such as water content of leaves,heat release rate of fresh and dry leaves,ignition time of fresh and dry leaves and so on,were measured by cone calorimeter.Fire resistance potential for fresh or dry leaves were ranked by factor analysis.Fresh leaves reflect the fire resistance of normal live plants,and dry leaves reflect the fire resistance of plant’s litter.The results were as follows:(1)Among the 15 parameters tested,the fire performance factor index of fresh leaves showed significant differences at P<0.05 level and the other parameters had extremely significant differences at P<0.01 level.(2)The fire resistance rank of fresh leaves from strong to weak were I.cornuta‘Burfordii’,Ilex‘Nellie R.Stevens’,I.dabieshanensis,Photinia serrulata,Pittosporum tobira,I.dipyrena and Ilex×koehneana and the dry leaves Ilex‘Nellie R.Stevens’,I.dabieshanensis,I.cornuta‘Burfordii’,Pittosporum tobira,I.dipyrena,Ilex×koehneana and Photinia serrulata.(3)In conclusion,Ilex cornuta‘Burfordii’,Ilex‘Nellie R.Stevens’and I.dabieshanens had better fire resistance than those of Photinia serrulata,Pittosporum tobira and other Ilex cultivated varieties.

关 键 词：防火性 常绿冬青 锥形量热仪 因子分析 含水率 火灾性能指数 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]