甘肃省汉回藏族女性围绝经期综合征的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of perimenopausal syndrome among Han, Hui and Tibetan women in Gansu province

作　　者：张瑞[1] 王丽蓉[1] 刘琳[1] 岳丰[1] 王丽艳[1] 金盼盼 胡俊平[1] 马晓玲[1] 张学红[1] 赵金珠[1] ZHANG Rui;WANG Li-rong;LIU Lin;YUE Feng;WANG Li-yan;JIN Pan-pan;HU Jun-pin;MA Xiao-ling;ZHANG Xue-hong;ZHAO Jin-zhu(The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一医院甘肃省生殖医学与胚胎重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2021年第1期10-16,共7页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(81960279);兰州市城关区科技计划项目(2019SHFZ0026);兰大一院2018年度院内基金(ldyyyn2018-55)。

摘　　要：目的通过对甘肃省汉族、回族、藏族女性围绝经期综合征(perimenopausal syndrome, MPS)发生情况的调查,探讨提升甘肃省围绝经期女性健康状况可行的预防保健措施。方法采用多阶整群随机抽样方法选取40~55岁女性为调查对象,以问卷方式展开横断面调查,问卷内容包括:人口学特征、婚育月经史、改良Kupperman评分量表。结果本研究中回族和藏族女性人数占9.96%,自然绝经年龄回族女性最早,年龄为(47.08±4.29)岁;三个民族MPS相关症状的发生率,除关节痛感肌痛,出汗潮热、感觉异常、失眠、紧张与焦虑、抑郁、眩晕、疲倦乏力、性生活困难、头痛、心悸、皮肤蚁走感、尿频尿急失禁,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.995、22.741、13.864、23.508、51.217、12.186、18.118、53.299、11.384、20.373、16.825、30.481,P<0.01),且三个民族发生率最高的症状都是疲倦乏力。Logistic回归分析显示,藏族、职业重体力劳动者、高中/中专/大专及以下受教育程度、居住在乡村均是影响围绝经期女性MPS发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论改良生活模式、促进经济均衡发展,提升基层医疗服务水平和女性保健认知水平,将对促进甘肃省各民族女性围绝经期健康起到积极作用。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of perimenopausal syndrome(MPS) among women with different ethnicity in Gansu province, and to discuss its influencing factors. Methods A stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to randomly recruit women aged 40-55 years in Gansu province and a questionnaire survey was conducted which included demographic information, marriage status, childbearing and menstrual history and modified Kupperman index(KI). Results 9.96% of women were Hui and Tibetan, the average natural menopause age of Hui women was 47.08±4.29 years old, which was the youngest.The differences in the incidence of postmenopausal syndrome-related symptoms were statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.995, 22.741,13.864,23.508,51.217,12.186,18.118,53.299,11.384,20.373,16.825,30.481,P<0.01) among women in three ethnic groups, except for arthralgia and myalgia, and the most common symptom was fatigue.Logistic regression analysis showed that Tibetan, heavy workload, poor-educated(high school/technical secondary school/junior college and below), living in rural areas were major risk factors for MPS(P<0.05). Conclusions In order to improve the health of women with different nationalities, it is suggested to change the living pattern, maintain balanced economic development, improve the level of primary medical care and education.

关 键 词：民族 绝经 自然绝经年龄 围绝经期综合征 

分 类 号：R173.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]