论我国公共利益举报法律制度的构建  

On the Construction of Public Interest Whistle Blowing Legal System of China

作　　者：柴瑞娟[1] CHAI Ruijuan(Law School,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国软科学》2021年第4期1-10,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：山东大学人文社科研究项目(IFWF2022);山东省社科规划研究专项“危机防控视角下的公共利益吹哨人保护:日本《公益通报者保护法》研究与我国借鉴”(20CFZJ17);青岛市社科规划项目“公共利益吹哨人法律保护制度比较研究”(QDSKL2001039);山东大学青年学者未来计划。

摘　　要：公共利益举报制度是构建社会异常发现机制和提升社会异常发现能力的关键一环。公共利益举报不同于传统社会公众举报,我国当下并无专门的公共利益举报制度。世界范围内众多国家均在社会治理、金融领域、市场监管、违法犯罪等诸多领域采用了举报人制度,并陆续颁布了专门的举报人保护法案,其中美国、英国和日本的立法颇具代表性。我国应出台公共利益举报制度的专门立法,对公共利益举报人的认定、举报内容的认定、举报动机、公共利益举报人的举证和责任承担、举报的受理机构、对举报人的保护和激励措施、对报复行为的惩戒与限制、对被报复的举报人的赔偿等等做出系统性规定。The public interest whistle blowing system is the key measure to construct the mechanism of social abnormal discovery.There is no special public interest whistle blowing system in China.Many countries all over the world have adopted the whistle blowing system in social governance,financial field,market supervision,crimes and other fields,and have successively promulgated special whistleblower protection laws,among which the legislation of the United States,Britain and Japan is quite representative.Our country should make special legislation on whistleblower of public interest,and make systematic regulations on the identification of whistleblower,the identification of whistleblowing content,whistleblowers’motivation,the burden of proof and responsibility of whistleblower,the accepting institution of whistle blowing,the protection and incentive measures for whistleblower,the punishment and restriction of retaliation,and the compensation for the revenged whistleblower and so on.

关 键 词：公共利益举报 法律制度 反报复 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]