某电网企业职工职业紧张与抑郁症状的关联研究  

Association of occupational stress with depressive symptoms of workers in a power grid enterprise

作　　者：刘斌 陈慧峰[1] 闫雪华[1] 伍梦婷 梁雪玲 LIU Bin;CHEN Huifeng;YAN Xuehua;WU Mengting;Liang Xueling(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China;Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511436,China;Foshan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Company Limited,Foshan,Guangdong 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]广东药科大学,广东广州510006 [3]广州医科大学,广东广州511436 [4]广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2021年第2期123-128,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81302387);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152);广东省自然科学基金(2019A1515011969);广东省医学科研基金(A2017227、A2019246、A2021209)。

摘　　要：目的了解某电网企业职工职业紧张与抑郁症状的现况及相关性,探究抑郁症状的影响因素。方法选择某电网企业1091名职工为研究对象,采用工作内容问卷(JCQ)和付出-回报失衡问卷(ERIQ)测量职业紧张情况,采用中文版流行病学研究中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)调查职工抑郁症状。采用多因素logistic回归分析抑郁症状的影响因素。结果共有974名(占89.3%)工人有效完成本次调查。研究对象主要接触的职业病危害因素为噪声、电磁辐射,抑郁症状检出率为36.7%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:在JDC模式下,睡眠时长为6~7 h、>7 h组出现抑郁症状风险分别是<6 h组的0.658倍(95%CI:0.481~0.901)和0.362倍(95%CI:0.239~0.550);视屏作业者出现抑郁症状的风险是非视屏作业者的1.493倍(95%CI:1.118~1.995);中、高社会支持组出现抑郁症状的风险分别是低社会支持组的0.594倍(95%CI:0.430~0.821)和0.539倍(95%CI:0.342~0.850);JDC模式高职业紧张职工出现抑郁症状的风险是低职业紧张的1.667倍(95%CI:1.239~2.242)。在ERI模式下:睡眠时长为6~7 h、>7 h组出现抑郁症状风险分别是睡眠时长<6 h组的0.674倍(95%CI:0.490~0.927)和0.394倍(95%CI:0.258~0.601);视屏作业者出现抑郁症状风险是非视屏作业者的1.475(95%CI:1.100~1.978)倍;高内在投入及EIR模式高职业紧张职工出现抑郁症状的风险分别是低内在投入及低职业紧张的1.813倍(95%CI:1.234~2.664)和2.554倍(95%CI:1.866~3.495)。结论该电网企业职工抑郁症状发生率较高。企业应建设良好的工作环境,增加对职工的社会支持,缓解职业紧张程度;职工也应合理安排作息时间,采取增强自我调节能力和缓解自身工作压力等措施预防抑郁症状的发生。Objective To explore the influencing factors of workers’depressive symptoms in a power grid enterprise and the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms.Methods Totally 1091 employees in a power grid enterprise were studied.The JCQ and ERIQ were used to survey the occupational stress and CES-D was used to investigate depressive symptoms.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms.Results The main occupational hazards exposed to workers were noise and electromagnetic radiation.Totally 974 workers(89.3%)finished this survey effectively and the morbidity of depressive symptoms was 36.7%among these population.The multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that in JDC model the risk of depressive symptoms among workers with sleep time of 6 to 7 hours or longer than 7 hours was 0.658(95%CI:0.481-0.901)and 0.362(95%CI:0.239-0.550)respectively compared with workers with sleep time less than 6 hours.The workers exposed to visual display terminal had higher risk of depressive symptoms(OR=1.493,95%CI:1.118-1.995)compared with other workers.The medium and high social support were protective factors and the risk of depressive symptoms was 0.594(95%CI:0.430-0.821)and 0.539(95%CI,0.342-0.850)respectively compared with workers with low social support.The workers with high JDC occupational stress had higher risk of depressive symptoms(OR=1.667,95%CI:1.239-2.242)compared with the workers with low JDC occupational stress.In the ERI model,the risk of depressive symptoms among workers with sleep time of 6 to 7 hours or longer than 7 hours was 0.674(95%CI:0.490-0.927)and 0.394(95%CI:0.258-0.601)respectively compared with workers with sleep time less than 6 hours.The workers exposed to visual display terminal had higher risk of depressive symptoms(OR=1.475,95%CI:1.100-1.978)compared with other workers.The workers with high overcommitment or high ERI had higher risk of depressive symptoms(OR=1.813 or 2.554,95%CI:1.234-2.664 or 1.866-3.495)respectively

关 键 词：电网企业 职业紧张 工作要求-自主 付出-回报失衡 抑郁症状 

分 类 号：B845.66[哲学宗教—心理学]