基于分子标记的小麦亲本评价和组合设计  

Evaluation of Parents and Combination Design Based on Molecular Markers in Wheat

作　　者：高明刚[1,2] 郭营[1] 赵岩[1] 安艳荣 李斯深[1] Gao Minggang;Guo Ying;Zhao Yan;An Yanrong;Li Sishen(Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Taian 271018,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Weifang University/Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Universities of Shandong Province,Weifang 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]潍坊学院生物与农业工程学院/山东省高校生物化学与分子生物学重点实验室,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第5期64-68,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“七大作物育种”专项(2017YFD0100600)。

摘　　要：分子标记辅助育种是现代小麦育种的研究热点之一。本研究利用134个小麦品种(系)的8 650个SNP标记,进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS),检测全基因组范围内与株高、穗粒数、每平方米穗数和千粒重显著关联的位点,继而建立模型进行亲本评价和杂交组合设计。结果表明,134个品种(系)的评价得分值分布范围是-0.179~0.152,生产中表现好的品种大多评分较高。根据亲本评价结果筛选到500个得分较高的亲本组合,涉及35个亲本,评价得分较高的组合多集中于实际生产中大面积种植的优良品种,如济麦22、泰农18、良星99、山农29、烟农19、山农25等,以这些品种作为亲本设计组合,可能具有潜在的育种价值。利用根据育种经验确定的重点亲本泰农18和山农17,共设计出54个组合,其中的5个组合(5/54=9.3%)已育成10个国家和省级审定品种。Molecular marker-assisted breeding is one of the hot topics in modern wheat breeding programs.In this study,8650 SNP markers of 134 wheat varieties were used to conduct genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)on plant height,grain number per spike,spike number per square meter and thousand-grain weight.Based on the significant associated sites,a model was established to evaluate the parents and design the cross combination.The results showed that the score of the 134 varieties(lines)ranged from-0.179 to 0.152.Some excellent varieties in actual production showed higher scores.A number of 500 cross combinations related to 35 parents with high score were selected out,which mainly concentrated on the excellent varieties in actual production such as Jimai 22,Tainong 18,Liangxing 99,Shannong 29,Yannong 19 and Shannong 25.Using these varieties as parents to design combinations might have potential value in breeding programs.A number of 54 cross combinations were designed using Tainong 18 and Shannong17,which were the key parents selected by experiences in breeding practice.Among which,five cross combinations(5/54=9.3%)had been utilized in wheat breeding and 10 varieties had been approved by the national and provincial Variety Approval Committee.

关 键 词：小麦 分子标记 亲本评价 组合设计 

分 类 号：S512.103.2[农业科学—作物学]