粗穗披碱草1H^(t)S染色体臂特异标记开发  

Development of Chromosome Arm-Specific Molecular Markers for Elymus trachycaulus 1H^(t)S

作　　者：王晖 郭军[1] 周宝元[2] 汪晓璐 韩冉[1] 徐文竞 刘爱峰[1] 李豪圣[1] 刘成[1] 刘建军[1] Wang Hui;Guo Jun;Zhou Baoyuan;Wang Xiaolu;Han Ran;Xu Wenjing;Liu Aifeng;Li Haosheng;Liu Cheng;Liu Jianjun(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Yellow and Huaihe River Valley,Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所/农业部黄淮北部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/小麦玉米国家工程实验室,山东济南250100 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第5期87-93,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100600);国家自然科学基金项目(31971874);泰山学者工程专项经费资助项目(tsqn201812123);小麦玉米国家工程实验室开放课题(2018LYZWS07);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018E01)。

摘　　要：粗穗披碱草1H^(t)S染色体臂上含有抗叶锈病基因Lr55和一个暂未被命名的抗条锈病基因,是改良小麦的优异基因源。为了开发1H^(t)S特异分子标记用于辅助小麦抗病育种,本研究对不同小麦染色体第一同源群短臂上的基因序列进行生物信息学分析,选取同一基因的长度差异大且扩增长度适宜的同一内含子,在其两侧的外显子区分别设计上、下游引物。以中国春-粗穗披碱草1H^(t)S·1BL易位系和中国春为材料,对开发及合成的引物进行PCR筛选,获得可以在二者中扩增出多态性带的引物。利用筛选出的引物对一套中国春-粗穗披碱草染色体系进行扩增,验证其特异性。进而对相应的杂交分离群体进行扩增,验证其可用性。结果共建立了1H^(t)S染色体臂特异标记18个,为小麦背景中1H^(t)S染色质检测和小麦-粗穗披碱草1H^(t)S染色体小片段易位系的易位断点判定提供了方法。Chromosome arm 1 HtS of E.trachycaulus possesses wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr55 and an un-designated stripe rust resistance gene,so it is an excellent gene source for wheat improvement.In order to develop chromosome arm-specific molecular markers for 1 HtS to assist wheat disease resistant breeding,the genes on the short arms of homologous group 1 of different wheat chromosomes were analyzed by bioinformatics,and the same introns of the collinearity gene with large difference in length and appropriate amplification length were selected for designing the upstream and downstream primers on the two intron regions flanking the exon,respectively.Using Chinese Spring-E.trachycaulus 1 HtS·1 BL translocation and Chinese Spring as materials,PCR using the developed and synthetic primers was conducted to screen polymorphisms.The selected primers were used to amplify a set of Chinese Spring-E.trachycaulus chromosome lines to verify their specificity.Furthermore,a cross-segregation population was amplified using the selected primers to verify the availability.As a result,a total of 181 HtS chromosome arm specific markers were established,providing a new method for the effective detection of 1 HtS chromatin in wheat background and the determination of wheat-E.trachycaulus translocation breakpoints that 1 HtS chromosome segment involved.

关 键 词：粗穗披碱草 染色体臂 分子标记 基因共线性 

分 类 号：S512.103.53[农业科学—作物学] Q781[生物学—分子生物学]