小麦新品种济麦70籽粒发育过程中细胞形态及内源激素的动态变化分析  

Dynamic Changes of Cell Morphology and Endogenous Hormones during Grain Development of New Wheat Variety Jimai 70

作　　者：李永波[1] 崔德周[1] 黄琛 隋新霞[1] 樊庆琦[1] 楚秀生[1,2] Li Yongbo;Cui Dezhou;Huang Chen;Sui Xinxia;Fan Qingqi;Chu Xiusheng(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Yellow and Huaihe River Valley,Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize,Jinan 250100,China;College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所/农业部黄淮北部小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/小麦玉米国家工程实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第5期117-121,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QC114);国家自然科学基金青年项目(32001542);小麦玉米国家工程实验室开放课题(2018LYZWS06)。

摘　　要：小麦是全球最重要的粮食作物之一,其籽粒发育情况直接决定小麦品质和产量,因此,研究小麦籽粒发育调控机理具有非常重要的意义。本研究以最近审定的高产稳产、抗倒、广适小麦新品种济麦70为材料,利用细胞显微技术和分子生物学技术进行分析,发现小麦籽粒发育过程中出现果皮细胞层数减少、胚乳细胞破裂、内源激素脱落酸(abscisic acid, ABA)含量增加以及花后15 d开始出现程序性细胞死亡(programmed cell death, PCD)现象,表明脱落酸和程序性细胞死亡共同参与了小麦籽粒细胞形态变化的调控过程。本研究可对小麦品质改良及其产量提高提供重要理论基础。Wheat is one of the most important crops globally.The grain development of wheat directly determines it’s quality and yield.Therefore,it’s significant to study the regulation mechanism of grain development of wheat.In this study,Jimai 70,a recently certificated wheat variety with high yield and wide adaptability,was used as material,and the cell microscopy and molecular biological technology were performed.It was found that the number of pericarp cell layer decreased,the endosperm cell broke,the content of endogenous hormone abscisic acid(ABA)increased,and the programmed cell death(PCD)appeared after 15 days of flowering in wheat.The results indicated that ABA and PCD were involved in the regulation of cell morphological changes in wheat grain.This study provided an important theoretical basis for improving wheat quality and yield.

关 键 词：小麦 籽粒发育 细胞形态 程序性细胞死亡 脱落酸 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]