采样设计对近岸水域鱼类浮游生物物种丰富度估计的影响  

Effects of sampling design on species richness estimation of ichthyoplankton in the coastal waters

作　　者：马依宏 纪毓鹏[1,2,3] 张崇良 薛莹[1,2,3] 任一平 徐宾铎[1,2,3] MA Yihong;JI Yupeng;ZHANG Chongliang;XUE Ying;REN Yiping;XU Binduo(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第5期635-645,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900904);山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项(2018SDKJ0501-2)。

摘　　要：优化调查采样设计,利用有限的调查成本获取准确可靠的调查数据,对于开展渔业科学调查十分重要。本研究根据2014年8月(夏季)和10月(秋季)、2015年2月(冬季)和5月(春季)在黄海中南部海域调查获得的鱼类浮游生物数据,以鱼类浮游生物物种丰富度估计为采样优化目标,利用计算机模拟再抽样方法,比较了不同采样设计估计鱼类浮游生物物种丰富度的效果。结果表明,随着采样频次以及采样站位数的增加,鱼类浮游生物物种丰富度探测率逐渐升高,相对估计误差(REE)和相对偏差(RB)逐渐减小。分层随机采样优于简单随机采样,分层随机采样4次调查设计效应值(D_(e))为0.766。不同采样频次下最优季节组合分别为春、春夏、春夏秋以及全年,其对应的REE和RB值在同频次不同季节组合中最小,物种丰富度探测率最高;保持90%的物种丰富度探测率,分层随机采样每年调查3次和4次对应的最佳站位数分别是80个和60个。在保证精确度的前提下优化采样方法和选择不同调查频次下最佳季节组合,可为鱼类浮游生物调查采样设计进一步优化提供参考。The species composition, abundance and distribution of ichthyoplankton and their changes are important indicators for the investigation of fishery resources. The abundance of ichthyoplankton affects the early supplement and population dynamics of fishery population. Therefore, carrying out necessary scientific surveys is necessary to understand the species diversity of ichthyoplankton in the central and Southern Yellow Sea. Generally, the larger the sample size is, the closer the survey results are to the true values. Considering the time and cost of the survey, balancing the sample size and data quality is needed to achieve the highest accuracy under a certain sample size. The optimal survey design requires that under certain survey demand and cost conditions, the bias and accuracy of the survey objectives are the highest, and the investigation benefit is maximized. Optimization of the sampling design to obtain accurate and reliable survey data with limited survey cost is important in fisheries-independent surveys. In this study the estimate of species richness of ichthyoplankton was the sampling objective. Based on the ichthyoplankton survey data collected in August(summer), October(autumn) 2014, February(winter) and may(spring) 2015 in the coastal waters in central and Southern Yellow Sea, the effect of different sampling designs on estimation of ichthyoplankton species richness was compared using the computer simulation study. In this study, it is assumed that the original survey data can be used as the "true value" reflecting the species composition and species number of fish plankton in the sea area. This paper mainly compares the effects of different sampling designs on the estimation of ichthyoplankton species richness;when the cost is fixed, the sampling design which can achieve a certain species richness detection rate and has small relative estimation error and relative deviation is selected as the optimal sampling design. The results showed that the detection rate of ichthyoplankton species richness i

关 键 词：鱼类浮游生物 简单随机采样 分层随机采样 物种丰富度 采样频次 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]