基于Hurdle-GAMMs模型研究影响海州湾小黄鱼摄食的主要因素  

Effects of environmental factors on the feeding ecology of small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis)in Haizhou Bay based on Hurdle-GAMMs

作　　者：宋业晖 徐从军 任一平[1,2,3] 徐宾铎 纪毓鹏[1,3] 张崇良 薛莹[1,3] SONG Yehui;XU Congjun;REN Yiping;XU Binduo;JI Yupeng;ZHANG Chongliang;XUE Ying(Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第5期646-657,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900904);国家自然科学基金项目(31772852);山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项(2018SDKJ0501-2)。

摘　　要：根据2011年及2013─2016年秋季在海州湾及其邻近海域进行的渔业资源底拖网调查资料和胃含物分析数据,构建了Hurdle-GAMMs模型(Hurdle-generalized additive mixed models,广义加性混合效应模型),基于相对重要性指数和全子集回归筛选出小黄鱼(Larimichthy polyactis)的优势饵料生物及关键影响因子,研究小黄鱼摄食主要饵料生物的影响因素及其动态特征。研究表明,体长、离岸距离和水深是影响小黄鱼摄食的关键因素,当小黄鱼体长为80~100mm和120~140mm范围内时,其摄食习性会发生明显转变。此外,在离岸距离40~60km和水深15~25 m的海域,小黄鱼的食物组成也会发生显著变化,其摄食的空间变化与饵料生物的分布重心密切相关。不同年份间环境中饵料生物的数量变动及个体生长发育对小黄鱼摄食习性的变化均具有显著影响,各因素对小黄鱼摄食强度的影响效应与其食物组成的变动显著相关。本研究可为小黄鱼资源的保护和可持续利用提供科学依据。Owing to overfishing,climate change,and environmental pollution,the biological and ecological characteristics of the small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis in Haizhou Bay have greatly changed.In this context,the study of the trophic dynamics of the small yellow croaker in Haizhou Bay was conducted to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable use of the small yellow croakers.Bottom trawl surveys in Haizhou Bay and adjacent waters and the stomach content analysis of caught fish was conducted during the autumns of 2011 and 2013–2016.Based on the data collected,Hurdle-GAMMs(Hurdle-Generalized Additive Mixed Models)of the small yellow croaker in the Haizhou Bay ecosystem were built.The model combines the Hurdle model,Generalized Additive Mixed model,and mixed effect model,which can avoid the residual heterogeneity,non-independence,and sample grouping problems of GAM,and can be applied to the trophic dynamics of fish.The major prey species and key environmental factors were selected to examine the trophic dynamics of small yellow croakers.The results showed that predator length,distance from shore,and depth of water were the most important environmental factors for feeding in small yellow croakers.When the body lengths of small yellow croakers were between 80–100 mm and 120–140 mm,their feeding habits changed significantly.In addition,in areas 40–60 km offshore and at depths of 15–25 m,the food composition of small yellow croakers also changed significantly.The spatial variations of feeding in small yellow croakers were closely related to the distribution of prey species,and the variation in their feeding habits were also affected by multiple other factors.These were related to the spatial distribution of key prey species in the environment and interspecies relationships.In addition,the mouth crack,teeth,gill rake,and other feeding organs of small yellow croakers developed gradually with increases in body length.Therefore,the composition of key prey species will also change with increases in body le

关 键 词：小黄鱼 摄食生态 广义加性混合模型 海州湾 饵料生物 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]