基于GC-MS-FTIR的化学实验室挥发性有机物源强核算方法  

The GC-MS-FTIR Based Source Intensity Calculation Method for VOCs in Chemical Laboratory

作　　者：王晨龙[1] 高佳佳[1] 张晓曦[1] 左朋莱[1] 梁全明 韩悦 王堃[1] WANG Chen-long;GAO Jia-jia;ZHANG Xiao-xi;ZUO Peng-lai;LIANG Quan-ming;HAN Yue;WANG Kun(Air Pollution Control Laboratory,Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection,Beijing 100054,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《中国环保产业》2021年第5期19-24,共6页China Environmental Protection Industry

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院北科萌芽计划《基于实测的化学类实验室大气污染物排放特征研究》(BGS201911)资助。

摘　　要：文章针对化学实验室废气排放缺乏有效源强核算手段的现状,提出了一种基于气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)和便携式傅立叶红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)联合监测的现场实测方法,并于2019年6月利用该方法对北京市某高校化学实验楼进行了12天的现场实测。研究结果显示,该高校化学实验楼的挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放量为1094.18±180.15kg/a,其中卤代烃、烷烃和含氧有机物占比较高,分别为57.5%、24.8%和21.0%。通过研究实验室试剂与废气的物质流关系,发现溶剂的使用是VOCs排放的重要来源,占全部来源的64.1%。对于高校化学实验室大气污染物排放的管控应该从源头和末端同时管理,通过严格管理实验室试剂的使用和增加末端尾气处理装置,从而降低实验室挥发性有机物的排放。Aiming at the lack of effective source intensity calculation method for exhaust gas emission from chemical laboratory,the paper put forward a kind of field measurement method on the basis of joint monitoring by using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS)and portable Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR).In June 2019,this method was used for a 12-day field measurement in a chemical laboratory building of a university,Beijing.The results showed that the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the chemical laboratory building was 1,094.2±180.17 kg/a,in which alkanes,benzene series and halogenated hydrocarbons accounted for relatively high proportions:41.3%,24.9%and 18.8%,respectively.The material flow relationship between laboratory reagents and exhaust gas was calculated.It was found that the use of solvents was an important source of the emission of VOCs,accounting for 64.1%of the total emissions.The management and control of the emission of air pollutants from the chemical laboratories of colleges and universities should be managed both at the source and the end.Through the strict management of the use of laboratory reagents and the increase of end-of-pipe tail gas treatment devices,the emission of air pollutants from laboratories can be reduced.

关 键 词：化学实验室 源强核算 挥发性有机物 成分谱 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]