基于车辆载带中继的路边单元突发业务分组调度最优策略  

Optimal Packet Scheduling Strategy for Roadside Units'Bursty Traffic Based on Relaying Vehicles

作　　者：代亮[1] 张亚楠 钱超[1] 孟芸 黄鹤[1] DAI Liang;ZHANG Ya-Nan;QIAN Chao;MENG Yun;HUANG He(School of Electronics and Control Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064)

机构地区：[1]长安大学电子与控制工程学院,西安710064

出　　处：《自动化学报》2021年第5期1098-1110,共13页Acta Automatica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2018YFB1600600);国家自然科学基金(61701044)资助。

摘　　要：高速公路车联网场景中,路边单元(Roadside units,RSUs)可作为多种周边监测数据的汇入网关,其业务具有突发特性,且可通过移动车辆以“存储−载带−转发”方式传输到与骨干网络互联的RSU.针对RSU间业务传输问题,源RSU可根据实时业务到达率按需匹配资源,以应对业务突发性对分组端到端时延的影响.本文首先针对RSU突发业务传输过程建立突发业务到达模型、车辆到达模型和离散车速状态模型;进而利用受限马尔科夫决策过程对系统状态转移过程进行分析,并建立非线性平均端到端时延最小化问题;最后通过分析最优解的形式得出最优分组调度策略具有门限结构.仿真结果验证了RSU间业务传输过程中排队时延和传播时延之间存在折中,且该分组调度策略能降低业务传输过程的平均端到端时延.In the highway Internet of vehicles scenario,the roadside units(RSUs),whose generated traffic has burst characteristic,served as the gateway of multiple kinds monitored data.Those fused data can be transmitted to the RSU connected with the backbone network through the passing vehicles which serve as opportunistic store-carry-forward devices.For traffic transmission between the RSUs,the source RSU should match resource according to arrival rate of bursty traffic,to control the bursty impact on end-to-end delay.Firstly,the bursty traffic arrival model,the vehicles arrival model,and discrete speed states model were established for bursty traffic transmission between RSUs.Then,the state transition processes were analyzed by constrained Markov decision process,and a non-linear average end-to-end delay minimization problem is established.Finally,it is concluded that the optimal packet scheduling strategy has a threshold structure by analyzing the structure of the optimal solution.The simulation results show that the packet scheduling strategy can reduce the average end-to-end delay of bursty traffic transmission between the RSUs,and verify the tradeoff between average queuing delay and the propagation delay.

关 键 词：车联网 路边单元 突发业务 分组调度 存储−载带−转发 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]