北极大气中典型持久性有机污染物对海冰变化的响应  

THE RESPONSE OF TYPICAL PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE ARCTIC ATMOSPHERE TO SEA ICE CHANGES

作　　者：胡成格 刘鸿伟 谢周清[1,3] HU Chengge;LIU Hongwei;XIE Zhouqing(Anhui Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui;Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Science and Technology of China,Suzhou 215123,Jiangsu;Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]极地环境与全球变化安徽省重点实验室中国科学技术大学环境科学与工程系,安徽合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院,江苏苏州215123 [3]中国科学院城市环境研究所区域大气环境研究卓越创新中心,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2021年第3期780-791,共12页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41941014);自然资源部国家海洋局极地考察办项目(批准号:JDXT2018-047)共同资助。

摘　　要：近年来,北极变暖速度几乎是全球平均速度的两倍,海冰加速消融被认为会使沉积的持久性有机污染物(POPs)重新释放进入大气。本文利用近30年的大气POPs浓度数据和北极海冰数据,比较了有机氯农药(OCPs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)在北极Alert、Zeppelin、Storh?fei和Pallas这4个站点的变率,结合互相关分析,探讨POPs对海冰变化的响应。结果发现,在周围多为浮冰区的Zeppelin站点,OCPs(特别是HCB和α-HCH)在2009年后与海冰变化显著负相关,而在其他站点显著性较低或无显著相关性。PCBs在Storh?fei和Pallas站点,超前海冰变化可能与长距离输送和土壤的二次释放有关,而在Zeppelin站点出现了和DDTs类似的滞后海冰变化的现象。本研究表明,不同类型的POPs对海冰变化的时空响应不同,海冰消融不一定导致大气POPs浓度增大。In the Anthropocene,human activities are exerting increasing impacts on global warming,and the unique geographical environment in the Arctic has caused it to warm almost twice as fast as the global average.This has exacerbated the melting of sea ice in the Arctic,in which deposited persistent organic pollutants(POPs)are thought to be re-released into the atmosphere.This study uses the atmospheric POPs concentration and sea ice extent data in the Arctic for the past 30 years to compare the rates of changes of typical POPs such as organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)at four long-term monitoring stations,i.e.,Alert,Zeppelin,Stórh?fei and Pallas,combined with cross-correlation analysis,to explore the response of POPs to sea ice changes.Results show that most OCPs rates were not correlated with sea ice rates before 2009.After 2009,OCPs(especially HCB andα-HCH)rates at Zeppelin,where the surrounding area is mostly floating ice,were significantly negatively correlated with sea ice rates,possibly because the effects of sea ice/water as secondary sources on atmospheric OCPs concentrations were greater than that of the primary source.At other stations,the correlations between the two were not significant.PCBs,especially low-molecular-weight PCBs,predated sea ice changes at Stórh?fei and Pallas.This may be due to the greater impact of long-distance transport and soil acting as secondary sources compared to sea ice melting.At Zeppelin,PCBs showed a phenomenon of lagging sea ice changes similar to DDTs.This study reveals that different types of POPs have different temporal and spatial responses to sea ice changes,atmospheric concentrations of some POPs increase with sea ice melting,while others do not.

关 键 词：北极变暖 海冰变化 持久性有机污染物 有机氯农药 多氯联苯 大气浓度 

分 类 号：P727[天文地球—海洋科学] P734.5