水稻纹枯病生防细菌筛选及其与病原菌侵染垫形成的关系  

Screening of biocontrol bacteria for rice sheath blight and their relations with the formation of infection cushion of the pathogen

作　　者：张华梦 郑礼煜 王继春[2] 朱峰[2] 牛冬冬[1] Zhang Huameng;Zheng Liyu;Wang Jichun;Zhu Feng;Niu Dongdong(College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu Province,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095 [2]吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第2期289-297,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：江苏省自主创新资金(CX(19)3103);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYLH202007)。

摘　　要：为筛选对立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani具有拮抗作用的生防细菌,利用稀释涂布平板法,从吉林省水稻纹枯病样中分离筛选出对立枯丝核菌AG-1A具有高拮抗活性的生防菌株,通过gyrB基因序列分析鉴定其分类地位,并采用离体侵染试验和温室防治试验测定筛选生防菌株对水稻纹枯病的防效,在显微镜下观察生防菌株预处理后接种病原菌的水稻叶片表面的菌丝生长情况,分析其生防机理。结果显示,从水稻纹枯病样中共分离获得35株菌株,其中菌株ND11对立枯丝核菌AG-1A的抑制率和抑菌圈直径最大,分别为74.12%和31.50 mm。基于gyrB基因序列分析最终将菌株ND11鉴定为短小芽胞杆菌Bacillus pumilus;该菌株能够减缓立枯丝核菌AG-1A的侵染速度,抑制其侵染垫的形成,对水稻纹枯病的温室防效达70.69%以上。表明短小芽胞杆菌菌株ND11能够通过抑制立枯丝核菌侵染垫的形成来防治水稻纹枯病,且防效较好,具有开发为生防菌剂的潜力。In order to screen the biocontrol bacteria with antagonistic effects on Rhizoctonia solani,bacterial strains were isolated from the rice samples infected by R.solani AG-1A from Jilin Province by using the method of dilution coated plate.The classification was established by gyrB gene sequence analysis;the biocontrol effect on rice sheath blight disease was determined based on in vitro infection and greenhouse experiments,and the mycelium growth on the rice pretreated with the strains was observed under microscope for analyzing the biocontrol mechanism.The results showed that 35 strains were isolated from the infected samples,and the strain ND11 showed the greatest bacteriostatic rate and diameter of bacteriostatic zone(74.12%and 31.50 mm,respectively).Strain ND11 was identified as Bacillus pumilus,which could slow down the infection rate of R.solani and inhibit the formation of R.solani AG-1A infection cushion.It had a significant antagonistic effect against rice sheath blight in the greenhouse experiment,with a biocontrol efficacy of up to 70.69%.The results indicated that the strain ND11 has a good control effect against rice sheath blight by inhibiting the formation of R.solani infection cushion,suggesting that the strain had the potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent.

关 键 词：水稻纹枯病 芽胞杆菌 生物防治 抗病性 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]