基于敏感度分析的曲轴综合测量机关键误差溯源  

Key Error Tracing of Comprehensive Crankshaft Measuring Machine Based on Sensitivity Analysis

作　　者：张洋[1] 王洪喜[1] 赵柏涵 王亚晓[1] Zhang Yang;Wang Hongxi;Zhao Bohan;Wang Yaxiao(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Xi′an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学机电工程学院,西安市710021

出　　处：《工具技术》2021年第5期91-99,共9页Tool Engineering

基　　金：陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划项目(18JC014);国家自然科学基金(5207050937)。

摘　　要：曲轴综合测量机通过一次装夹可完成对曲轴全部关键参数的精密测量,其测量精度对评定被测曲轴是否合格有着直接的影响,这使得分析该测量机各部件的几何误差对其测量精度的影响成为一个亟待解决的难题。针对上述问题,基于多体系统理论,结合曲轴综合测量机采用板式测头的结构特点,分析了测量机的拓扑结构和误差变换矩阵;基于推导的曲轴连杆颈几何方程,建立测量机的几何误差数学模型;利用矩阵微分法对曲轴回转过程中的各测点进行敏感度分析。结果表明:在21项几何误差中,对测量机X方向上测量精度影响最大的关键误差项主要有6项。通过该方法可有效识别影响曲轴测量精度的关键误差源,进而为误差补偿提供依据。The comprehensive crankshaft measuring machine can complete the precision measurement of all the key parameters of the crankshaft by one-time clamping.Its measurement accuracy has a direct influence on the evaluation of the measured crankshaft, which has become a difficult problem to be solved in analyzing the influence of the geometric errors of the different units of the measuring machine on its measurement accuracy.Based on the multi-body system theory and the structural characteristics of the two-dimensional blade used in the comprehensive crankshaft measuring machine, the topology and error transformation matrix of the measuring machine are analyzed.Based the geometric equation of the crankshaft rod journal, the geometric error mathematical model of the measuring machine is established.The sensitivity analysis of each measuring point in the crankshaft rotation process is carried out by using the matrix differential method.As a result, 6 of the 21 geometric errors which have the greatest influence on the measuring accuracy in X direction of the measuring machine are mainly included.This method can effectively identify the key error sources which affect the measurement accuracy of crankshaft, and then provide the basis for error compensation.

关 键 词：曲轴综合测量机 板式测头 多体系统理论 几何误差建模 矩阵微分法 敏感度分析 

分 类 号：TG806[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术] TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]