植物质膜H^(+)-ATP酶对环境胁迫因子的响应研究进展  

Response of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase to environmental stress factors:a review

作　　者：周思婕 张敏 王平 ZHOU Sijie;ZHANG Min;WANG Ping(College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第2期485-494,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771696,31270680)资助。

摘　　要：植物质膜质子泵(H^(+)-ATP酶)是一种重要的功能蛋白,为次级主动运输提供质子动力,既参与调控植物正常生长,也参与植物响应环境因子等非生物胁迫时抗性机制的构建.探讨植物质膜H^(+)-ATP酶活性调控机理已成为植物生理学领域的研究热点.在简要概括植物质膜H^(+)-ATP酶结构与生理功能的基础上,结合近年来质膜H^(+)-ATP酶对环境因子的响应研究,重点论述酶活性在基因表达和蛋白磷酸化水平上的调控以及胞内信号分子在调控中所起的作用.在非生物胁迫下,植物通过调节质膜H^(+)-ATP酶活性水平提高其对不利环境的适应性来响应温度、酸度、盐分、重金属等环境因子的变化.植物质膜H^(+)-ATP酶活性可以由转录水平改变引起的酶蛋白基因特异性表达调控,也可以由酶蛋白翻译后磷酸化修饰调控.生长素、蛋白激酶、Ca2+、H2O2等胞内信号分子介导了这两种酶活性调节方式的进行,但是对植物细胞内信号分子在质膜H^(+)-ATP酶活性调控过程中的作用及其传导途径的研究不够深入.未来应结合细胞水平、能量代谢和信号传导,多角度系统深入探究植物质膜H^(+)-ATP酶响应逆境胁迫活性调控机理,并重点分析植物细胞内信号分子在质膜H^(+)-ATP酶活性转录及翻译后修饰调控过程中的作用机制及其传导途径.(图2表1参93)The plant plasma membrane proton pump(PM H^(+)-ATPase)is an important functional protein that provides a proton drive for secondary active transport and is involved in the regulation of plant growth and the construction of plant resistance mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses.Therefore,exploring the modification mechanism of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase activity is of significance in plant physiology research.In this study,the structure and physiological functions of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase are briefly summarized.Based on the research of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase in response to environmental factors,the regulation of H^(+)-ATPase activity at gene expression and protein phosphorylation levels and the role of intracellular signaling molecules in regulatory approaches are discussed in detail.Plants can respond to changes in environmental factors such as temperature,acidity,salinity,and heavy metals by regulating plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase activity to improve their adaptability to unfavorable environments.Plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase activity is regulated by the specific expression of protein genes at the transcriptional level or by protein post-translational phosphorylation modification.Intracellular signaling molecules,such as auxin,protein kinase,Ca2+,and H2 O2,may mediate these two regulatory activities of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase.However,studies on the role of intracellular signaling molecules and their transduction pathways in the regulatory process have not been conducted.Future research should focus on combining the cellular level,energy metabolism,and signal transduction to explore the regulatory mechanism of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase activity in response to adversity stress from multiple perspectives.In addition,further study should focus on analyzing the action mechanism and transduction pathway of intracellular signaling molecules in the process of transcription and posttranslational modification regulation of plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase ac

关 键 词：质子泵 生理功能 基因表达 磷酸化 胞内信号分子 非生物胁迫 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]